Influence of long-range atmospheric transportation (LRAT) on mono-to octa-chlorinated PCDD/Fs levels and distributions in soil around Qinghai Lake, China

Han, Ying; Liu, Wenbin; Hansen, Hans Christian Bruun; Chen, Xuebin; Xiao, Liu; Li, Haifeng; Wang, Mengjing; Yan, Nan

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.04.110

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Samples were analyzed for PCDD/Fs and PCBs using US EPA Method 1613 and 1668A (Hu et al, 2013;Han et al, 2016b). Briefly, gas and particulate phase samples were extracted with 250 mL of toluene (pesticide grade) using Soxhlet extraction for 24 h. Condensed water samples were extracted with 90 mL of dichloromethane (30 mL for each repetition).…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas-Particle Partitioning of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, Dibenzofurans, and Biphenyls in Flue Gases from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators

Han

Liu

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Gas-particle partitioning of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and biphenyls (PCBs) was evaluated in flue gases emitted from two municipal solid waste incinerators. Total PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs in the flue gas were presented, in decreasing order, within gas phases, particulate phases, and aqueous phases. PCDD/F concentrations in the flue gas ranged from 0.75 to 15 ng m -3 , while in the particulate phase they ranged from 0.14 to 8.1 ng m -3 . Dioxin-like (dl-) PCBs had concentrations of 0.18-28 ng m -3 in the flue gas, and 0.041-1.3 ng m -3 in the particulate phase. PCDD/F and dl-PCB levels were associated with specific size ranges of particles, increasing as particle size decreased. More than 54% (81%) of PCDD/Fs and 49% (79%) of dl-PCBs were associated with fine particles of less than 2.5 (10) µm-diameter. In addition, average levels of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and dl-PCBs were 0.15 ± 0.11 ng m , respectively. Levels of non-2,3,7,8-chlorinated PCDD/Fs were much higher than 2,3,7,8-chlorinated PCDD/Fs in PCDD/F homologue patterns. This suggests that more attention should be paid to non-2,3,7,8-chlorinated PCDD/Fs in the environment, given their potential to transform to more toxic species.

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Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas-Particle Partitioning of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, Dibenzofurans, and Biphenyls in Flue Gases from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators

Han

Liu

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…The 2,8-DiCDF (the dominant congener) concentration positively correlated with the TEQ (R 2 = 0.86; n = 87, p < 0.01), so 2,8-DiCDF was the most suitable congener for use as a TEQ indicator, using the equation TEQ = (0.04 × [2,8-DiCDF]) + 265, for the sintering process. 2,8-DiCDF has also been found to correlate well with PCDD/F TEQs at waste incinerators and organic chemical plants; 8,9,30 therefore, the results of this study could be disseminated to other thermal industries.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…28,29 This would have been why we found larger amounts of the less-chlorinated PCDD/F congeners than of the more-chlorinated PCDD/F congeners in the fly ash samples collected from the first stages of the precipitators. The lesschlorinated PCDF congener concentrations were higher than the less-chlorinated PCDD congener concentrations 30 OCDF, the dominant PCDF congener, contributed 2.9−10.3% of the total PCDD/F concentrations. 2,3,4,7,8-PentaCDF was the dominant contributor to the total TEQs, contributing 28.5− 32.4%.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Monochlorinated to Octachlorinated Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Emissions in Sintering Fly Ash from Multiple-Field Electrostatic Precipitators

Wang

Liu

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) emissions in fly ash from multiple-field electrostatic precipitators in different sized sintering plants were studied. The monochlorinated-trichlorinated and tetrachlorinated-octachlorinated PCDD/F concentrations were higher for small plants (90 m) than for medium (91-180 m) and large (>180 m) plants. The PCDD/F concentrations and less-chlorinated PCDD/F contributions to the total PCDD/F concentrations increased as the fly ash particle size decreased moving through the precipitator stages; the abundance of monochlorinated-trichlorinated PCDD/F congeners and homologues also increased. The ash particle size and surface area can be directly used to indicate monochlorinated-trichlorinated PCDD/Fs and toxic equivalents (TEQs). Previously ignored PCDD/F emissions in discarded fly ash were identified. Estimated total monochlorinated-trichlorinated PCDD/F and TEQ emissions in discarded fly ash were 155 and 1.979 kg TEQ, respectively, in 2003-2014, and the ratio between annual PCDD/F emissions in discarded fly ash and flue gases has gradually increased. Reductions in monochlorinated-trichlorinated PCDD/F emitted in flue gas and fly ash in 2003-2014 were 28 and 40 kg, respectively, because of the phasing out of small-scale plants. Reductions in TEQs emitted in flue gas and fly ash in 2003-2014 were 7476 and 180 g TEQ, respectively.

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“…Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD/Fs) are chemical contaminants, whose main characteristics are great persistence, the capability to undergo long-range atmospheric transport, capacity of bioaccumulation, as well as their important toxic effects in humans and animals [1][2][3]. Although PCDD/Fs can be released in natural processes such as volcanoes and forest fires, these compounds are always unwanted by-products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in Human Blood: A Review of Data from the Current Decade

Marquès

Domingo

2019

IJERPH

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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD/Fs) are environmental pollutants with great persistence, the capacity of bioaccumulation, and well known important toxic effects in humans and animals. Incinerators of hazardous, municipal and medical waste, chlorine bleaching of paper pulp, cement plants, and the traffic of motor vehicles are the most frequent emission sources of these compounds. The diet, followed at a great distance by inhalation, is generally the main way of human exposure to PCDD/Fs. Human biomonitoring is of great importance to prevent potential adverse effects derived from exposure to chemicals such as PCDD/Fs. In relation to this, blood is among the most used biological monitors. In the current review, we have summarized the recent information (2000–2009) published in the scientific literature (databases: Scopus and PubMed) on the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in blood samples of non-occupationally exposed populations, as well as in some groups of occupationally exposed individuals. We have revised a number of studies conducted in various African, American, Asian and European countries, and Australia. Unfortunately, the information is quite limited. No data are available for most countries over the world. Based on the results here reviewed, where available, the current health risks for the general populations do not seem to be of concern. Moreover, taking into account the important reductions observed in the levels of PCDD/Fs in foodstuffs, new decreases in the concentrations of PCDD/Fs in blood—and other biological tissues—are very probable in the immediate years.

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Influence of long-range atmospheric transportation (LRAT) on mono-to octa-chlorinated PCDD/Fs levels and distributions in soil around Qinghai Lake, China

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Gas-Particle Partitioning of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, Dibenzofurans, and Biphenyls in Flue Gases from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators

Gas-Particle Partitioning of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, Dibenzofurans, and Biphenyls in Flue Gases from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators

Monochlorinated to Octachlorinated Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin and Dibenzofuran Emissions in Sintering Fly Ash from Multiple-Field Electrostatic Precipitators

Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in Human Blood: A Review of Data from the Current Decade

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