Influence of Low‐Molecular‐Weight Diamines in the Direct Imidation of Poly(propylene)‐Grafted Maleic Anhydride by Melt Reaction

Abstract

Aminated poly(propylene) was prepared by reacting aliphatic primary diamines with maleic‐anhydride‐functionalized poly(propylene) by in situ melt reaction. Around 60–70% of the initial acid groups had reacted to form amide and imide groups as confirmed by the almost complete disappearance of the maleic anhydride peak in FT‐IR spectra. The molecular weight of the diamines had an influence on changes in molecular structure of the PP‐g‐NH2 as a result of secondary reactions such as chain extension and cross‐linking. PP‐g‐NH2 and polycarbonate were pressed into two‐layer films and their adhesion strength was measured. The results showed that PP‐g‐NH2 was a very effective adhesion promoter.

Study of Reaction Between a Low Molecular Weight, Highly Functionalized Polyethylene and Hexamethylenediamine

“…Reactions between amine and anhydride moieties has been widely used in polymer modification1–5 and interfacial phase compatibilization in immiscible polymer blends 1, 5–9. Kinetics of reactions between anhydride and amine in polymeric systems have been investigated 1, 6–8, 10.…”

“…Kinetics of reactions between anhydride and amine in polymeric systems have been investigated 1, 6–8, 10. In some studies reaction were carried out between anhydride functionalized polymers and polyamines to study the crosslinking behavior and chemistry of the resultant polymeric products1, 5, 11 while other investigations utilized the anhydride–amine reaction to specifically crosslink the polyolefins 12. However, all the cited literature utilized high molecular weight anhydride functionalized polymers and relatively short mono or polyamines.…”

“…Hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) is a small and more compatible molecule compared to the polyether diamines used in earlier investigations 13–15. Hence, using HMDA as a co‐reactant will allow more direct comparisons to the earlier literature 1–8, 12…”

Kinetic analysis of the imidization of poly(styrene‐co‐maleic anhydride) with aniline in the melt

“…Moreover, the reactions may be combined with the polymer processing procedure simultaneously to develop a reactive processing technology, which is very promising because of its rapidity, flexibility, ecology, low cost, and so on 1–8. Applications of chemical reactions in polymer melts are widely practiced and include the alcoholysis of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers,9, 10 the chlorination of isobutene–diene rubber,11, 12 the functional grafting and crosslinking of polymers,13–16 and the imidization of the polymers containing anhydride groups with primary amines 17–26…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Applications of chemical reactions in polymer melts are widely practiced and include the alcoholysis of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers, 9,10 the chlorination of isobutene-diene rubber, 11,12 the functional grafting and crosslinking of polymers, [13][14][15][16] and the imidization of the polymers containing anhydride groups with primary amines. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Poly(styrene-co-N-substituted maleimide) (SMI) has excellent properties, including good heat resistance and adjustable compatibility when it is blended with styrenic polymers and polar polymers. [27][28][29] SMI can be effectively and flexibly prepared by the direct imidization of poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (SMA) with primary amines, on which plenty of work has been focused.…”