Influence of Maternal Age and Parity on Placental Structure and Foal Characteristics From Birth up to 2 Years of Age

Meirelles, Marcela Gonçalves; Veras, Mariana Matera; Alonso, Maria Augusta; Guimarães, Carina de Fátima; Nichi, Marcílio; Fernandes, Claudia Barbosa

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2017.03.226

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Placental efficiency has been put forward as an index of uterine capac-ity, especially for higher birth weight, such as for goat, pig and sheep (Konyalı et al, 2007). Previous resources demonstrated that PE increased with parity in sheep (Dwyer et al, 2005;Meirelles, 2017). However, similar to the present study, Konyalı et al (2007), Ocak et al (2013), and Sen and Onder (2016) reported that PE did not alter with the parity of doe and ewe.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

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Determination of relationships between placental characteristics and birth weight in Morkaraman sheep

Özyürek¹,

Türkyilmaz²

2020

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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Abstract. The aim at this study was to determine the relationships among the lamb birth weight, the average cotyledon surface area (ACSA) and cotyledon size. Data were collected from 101 ewes. The general linear model and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for statistical comparison and determination of relationships between variables. Average birth weight (BW), placental weight (PW), cotyledon number (CN), placental efficiency (PE), cotyledon density (CD), cotyledon efficiency (CE) and ACSA were 4.175±.09, 448.8±13.4, 53.34±1.9, 9.65±.3, 0.125±.00, 10.66±.34 and 7.81±.19 cm2, respectively. There was no difference between BW and PE for parity; however, PW, CN, CD, CE and ACSA were affected (p<0.05) by parity. ACSA was found to be the lowest (7.33±.99) with a parity of 2 and the highest (8.61±1.5) with a parity of 4. Birth type affected significantly BW, CN, CD (p<0.05), PW (p<0.001) and ACSA (p<0.01). As the parity progressed, cotyledon depth (CDe) (0.74±.30) and cotyledon width (CWi) (2.64±.46) increased. ACSA, which is a new parameter for uterine capacity, had positive correlations with BW (0.498; p<0.01), PW (0.415; p<0.01), large cotyledon number (CNl) (0.685; p<0.01), cotyledon length (CL) (0.932; p<0.01), CWi (0.920; p<0.01) and cotyledon depth (0.388; p<0.01). The most important finding of this study was the positive correlation between the birth weight and the average cotyledon surface area. This study indicates that average cotyledon surface area and cotyledon size traits (CL and CWi) may be more effective parameters to produce heavier lambs. In conclusion, it is thought that lamb deaths will decrease as a result of triggering placental development with proper feeding during pregnancy. For this purpose, it is recommended to conduct new studies examining the relationship between pregnancy feeding and ACSA. Highlights. Cotyledon number and cotyledon density decrease with parity, while CE increases. The birth type has a significant effect on BW, PW, CN and CD. There are positive correlations between the placental weight and large cotyledon number, cotyledon length and cotyledon width. ACSA can be used as an important parameter to increase the weight of lambs. Especially in multiple birthing, ACSA has been found to be a more determinant index to express uterine capacity instead of PE or CE.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Similar to this study, Sen and Onder (2016) reported that parity affected CWi, but it did not affect CL in goats. Likewise, Ocak et al (2013) and Meirelles et al (2017) stated that parity had an influence on CWi. The maximum number of CNm was observed for a parity of 1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of relationships between placental characteristics and birth weight in Morkaraman sheep

Özyürek¹,

Türkyilmaz²

2020

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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“…In horses, maternal parity defined as the number of gestations that produced a viable fetus (live or stillborn foal), is one of the main factors affecting the foal intra-uterine development. Indeed, foals born to primiparous mares (mares that have not foaled before) are lighter and smaller at birth and remain smaller until 18 months and lighter until 4 month of age compared to controls born to multiparous dams [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Their insulin sensitivity is higher than that of foals born to multiparous mares, and these data suggest that the normal decrease in insulin sensitivity observed in relation with foal age is delayed [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…For a long time, these differences in mares’ first born foals have been attributed to the need for a first gestation priming for the uterus to be able to reach its optimal size and vascularisation and fully support feto-placental developmental needs [16]. Indeed, primiparous mares produced lighter and less voluminous placentas than multiparous ones [8,12,13,16]. In horses, placentation is diffuse and the epitheliochorial placenta is in contact with the entire surface of the uterus [17, 18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nulliparity affects the expression of a limited number of genes and pathways in Day 8 equine embryos

Derisoud

Jouneau

Archilla

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Nulliparous mares produce lighter and smaller foals compared to mares having previously foaled, with effects observed at least until 4 months of age. The need for a first gestation priming for the uterus to reach its full capacity has been proposed to explain this observation. Embryo developmental defects could be hypothesized but effects of maternal parity on the embryo have only been described once, in old mares, thus combining effects of parity and old age. The aim of this study was to determine effects of mare parity on embryo gene expression. Day-8 post ovulation blastocysts were collected from young (5/6 years old) nulliparous (YN, N=6) or multiparous (YM, N=4) non-nursing Saddlebred mares, inseminated with the semen of one stallion. Pure (TE_part) or inner-cell-mass-enriched (ICMandTE) trophoblast were obtained by embryo bisection for RNA sequencing (paired end, non-oriented, Illumina, NextSeq500). Deconvolution was performed on the ICMandTE dataset. Differential expression, with embryo sex and diameter as cofactors and gene set enrichment analysis (GO BP, KEGG, REACTOME databases) were performed using a false discovery rate <0.05 cutoff. Only a few genes were altered (ICM: n=18; TE: n=6) but several gene sets were perturbed (ICM: n=62; TE: n=50) by maternal parity. In YM, only pathways related to transcription, RNA processing and vesicle transport functions were enriched in the ICM whereas only pathways related to RNA localization were enriched in TE. In YN, while only gene sets related to ribosomes and extracellular matrix were enriched in the ICM, functions related to energy and lipid metabolism, lipid transport and interleukin-1 signaling were enriched in the TE. In conclusion, several genes and pathways are affected in embryos collected from nulliparous mares, with different effects on TE and ICM. Embryo development is altered in nulliparous mares, which could partially explain the term phenotype. Whether differences in gene expression result/induce poor embryo-maternal communication remains to be determined.

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“…É importante ressaltar também que uma limitação do nosso experimento é a presença de três éguas nulíparas no grupo ENL (n=5) e outros trabalhos do nosso grupo encontraram relação entre a paridade e o tamanho dos potros até um ano de idade, demonstrando menor peso e tamanho nos potros de éguas nulíparas MEIRELLES et al, 2017). (GENTRY et al, 2002).…”

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>b<Avaliação da dinâmica insulina-glicose, citocinas inflamatórias e marcadores metabólicos em éguas gestantes e seus potros>/b<

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Influence of Maternal Age and Parity on Placental Structure and Foal Characteristics From Birth up to 2 Years of Age

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Determination of relationships between placental characteristics and birth weight in Morkaraman sheep

Determination of relationships between placental characteristics and birth weight in Morkaraman sheep

Nulliparity affects the expression of a limited number of genes and pathways in Day 8 equine embryos

>b<Avaliação da dinâmica insulina-glicose, citocinas inflamatórias e marcadores metabólicos em éguas gestantes e seus potros>/b<

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