Influence of maternal ingestion of aroclor 1254� (PCB) or firemaster BP-6� (PBB) on unstimulated and stimulated corticosterone levels in young rats

Meserve, Lee A.; Murray, Betty A.; Landis, James A.

doi:10.1007/bf00195992

Cited by 49 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Exposure to PCBs alters oxytocin function [72,73]. To our knowledge, the sole previous study that has examined maternal-pup bonding using this similar task actually found decreased cue preference after administration of oxytocin antagonists [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…They administered PCBs (Aroclor 1254, 250 ppm) via the maternal diet from conception and on PND 15 found decreased basal corticosterone levels in PCB-exposed pups. In addition, the group found a reduced stress-induced release of corticosterone using an ether-stress paradigm [72]. Overall these effects could combine and lead to a hyporesponsive rat in terms of the responding to or seeking out a cue that had been previously paired with mother.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have found that exposure to PCBs reduces stress hormone levels in a variety of animals in the wild [68] and in the laboratory setting [69][70][71]. Meserve and colleagues systematically examined the relationship in 15 day old rat pups [72]. They administered PCBs (Aroclor 1254, 250 ppm) via the maternal diet from conception and on PND 15 found decreased basal corticosterone levels in PCB-exposed pups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on maternal odor conditioning in rat pups

Cromwell

Johnson

McKnight

et al. 2007

Physiology & Behavior

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are pervasive environmental contaminants that can have damaging effects on physiologic, motoric and cognitive function. Results from studies on PCBs and behavior have shown that exposure can alter learning and memory processes and that these shifts in cognitive abilities can be related to changes in hormonal and neural function. Little experimentation has been done on the impact of exposure to PCBs on social and emotional development. Previous work has shown that exposure to PCBs in children can alter play behavior. Importantly, exposure to PCBs has been found to change aspects of maternal-offspring interactions in rodents. The present study examined the impact of PCBs on maternal odor conditioning in rat pups 12-14 days of age. A modified version of the conditioned place preference paradigm was used that incorporated a maternal-associated odor cue (lemon scent) as the conditioned stimulus. PCBs significantly depressed the preference for the maternal-associated cue but did not impair discrimination for a novel odor. These effects could arise due to changes in the social dynamics between the dam and offspring after co-exposure to PCBs. For example, dams exposed to PCBs during gestation have been found to show elevated grooming directed towards pups exposed to PCBs. This change in maternal care can have dramatic effects on behavioral and hormonal systems in the developing rat pup. In conclusion, perinatal PCBs alter important social behaviors of both the mother and pup, and these alterations could have long-lasting effects on behavioral, cognitive and emotional development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on maternal odor conditioning in rat pups

Cromwell

Johnson

McKnight

et al. 2007

Physiology & Behavior

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“…The group considered several examples of effects produced by disruption of the endocrine system and agreed that alterations in the following would be indicative of neuroendocrine disruption: reproductive behaviors mediated by alterations in the hypothalamic--pituitary axis Environmental Health Perspectives * Vol 104, Supplement 4 -August 1996 (e.g., courtship and parental behavior in avian species); alterations in metabolic rate, which could indirectly affect behavior; altered sexual differentiation in the brain, which could affect sexually dimorphic reproductive and nonreproductive neural end points; and some types of neuroteratogenic effects. The group concluded that there were clear examples in the human and animal literature in which exposure to endocrine disruptors had occurred and effects on behavior, learning and memory, attention, sensory function, and psychomotor development were observed (60,76,79,(93)(94)(95)(96)(97)(98)(99)(100)(101)(102)(103)(104)(105)(106)(107)(108)(109)(110). Some of these effects, however, can also be produced by developmental neurotoxicants having little or no known endocrine-disrupting properties and, therefore, cannot be regarded as specific to the endocrine-disrupting class of chemicals.…”

Section: Neurological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Needs for the Risk Assessment of Health and Environmental Effects of Endocrine Disruptors: A Report of the U.S. EPA-Sponsored Workshop

Kavlock¹,

Daston²,

DeRosa³

et al. 1996

Environmental Health Perspectives

250

186

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The hypothesis has been put forward that humans and wildlife species have suffered adverse health effects after exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Reported adverse effects include declines in populations, increases in cancers, and reduced reproductive function. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sponsored a workshop in April 1995 to bring together interested parties in an effort to identify research gaps related to this hypothesis and to establish priorities for future research activities. Approximately 90 invited participants were organized into work groups developed around the principal reported health effects-carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity-as well as along the risk assessment paradigm-hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. Attention focused on both ecological and human health effects. In general, the group felt that the hypothesis warranted a concerted research effort to evaluate its validity and that research should focus primarily on effects on development of reproductive capability, on improved exposure assessment, and on the effects of mixtures. This report summarizes the discussions of the work groups and details the recommendations for additional research.Environ Health Perspect 1 04(Suppl 4): 715-740 (1996)

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“…For example, Oskam et al 42 stated that the sum of pesticides combined with the sum of PCBs, and their interactions, explained over 25% of the variation in the cortisol concentration. In laboratory studies with rodents, altered function of the system that control GCs has been reported following early exposure to PCBs 43 and toxic metals 44 . Structure-activity relationship studies have shown that some PCBs acted as antagonists at the human GCs receptors 45 , and that dioxin-like PCBs altered GCs biosynthesis in human adrenocortical cells 46 .…”

Section: Endocrine Disruptors and The Stress Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%