Influence of Migration on Blood-Pressure of Easter Islanders

Cruz-Coke, R; Etcheverry, R; Nagel, Ronald L.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(64)91521-1

Cited by 113 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A study examining mixed effects of ethnicity and environmental factors on BP among 52 populations across the world reported that Yanomamo and Xingu Indians of Brazil and rural populations in Kenya and Papua New Guinea had significantly lower BP than the rest of populations studied (Carvalho et al, 1989). Other studies have shown that when people from rural communities with low mean BP migrate to urban areas, their BP levels increase significantly, thereby emphasising the influence of environmental factors on BP (Cruz-Coke et al, 1964;Shaper et al, 1969;Sever et al, 1980;Poulter et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Casual blood pressure among Tanzanian undergraduate students: need for re-defining population specific operational threshold between normotension and hypertension

Rashid

Dika

2017

Tanzania J Hlth Res

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Background: Despite of the recommendations to use population specific blood pressure (BP) references which consider time, ethnicity and environmental factors, there is limited information regarding BP profile among Tanzanians. This cross sectional study was done to determine casual BP profile among healthy volunteer students of the Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences in Mwanza, Tanzania. Methods: Socio-demographic and lifestyle data were collected using questionnaires. Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were measured using aneroid sphygmomanometer. Results: A total of 299 students (males=204; females=95) were involved in the study. Their mean age was 23.4 ± 0.2 years. SBP ranged from 82-150mmHg (mean= 115.7 ± 0.7mmHg) and DBP ranged from 44-100mmHg (mean= 71.9±0.6mmHg). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was 86.5±0.5mmHg. Males had significantly higher BP than females; and BP was noticed to increase with increased age and body weight. Upper limits of the normal SBP and DBP calculated as mean + 2SDs and 95 th percentiles were 140.5mmHg and 138mmHg, respectively and for DBP were 91.8 mmHg and 90 mmHg, respectively. Conclusion:The observed upper limits of the distribution of normal BP for the age of the participants are higher than the World Health Organization recommended values. We recommend a larger study to determine BP among healthy Tanzanians to establish the normal values.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Casual blood pressure among Tanzanian undergraduate students: need for re-defining population specific operational threshold between normotension and hypertension

Rashid

Dika

2017

Tanzania J Hlth Res

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“…Se comprobó un ascenso de la PA a lo largo de la edad y aparición de HA solamente en aquellos sujetos que se trasladaron al continente 34 .…”

Section: Hipertensión Arterial Y Consumo De Salunclassified

Hipertensión arterial y consumo de sal en pediatría

F²

2009

Rev. chil. pediatr.

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Arterial hypertension and salt intake in pediatricsPediatric arterial hypertension (AH) is an underdiagnosed disease, with a known prevalence of 2-3%. Its preventive management should begin early and includes life-style changes and diet salt reduction to a maximum of 5.8 g (2.3 g of sodium), since there is a direct relationship between total salt intake and arterial blood pressure. It has been previously shown that in populations with low salt diet (less than 3g), AH is rare and it does not increase with age. It has been estimated that 77% of salt found in regular diets comes from processed food. Mechanisms involved in salt intake and high blood pressure are analyzed in this paper. Arterial hypertension secondary to renal diseases and other pathologies are excluded. Considering renal physiology, the role of the kidney is crucial in arterial blood pressure regulation, through the capacity to affect the salt and water excretion; therefore, controlling total blood volume. The relationship between salt and AH in the newborn and older children, as well as genetic aspects of this disease, are discussed. In conclusion, there are biological and behavioural risk factors that can be modified in young population. It is necessary to promote these changes through active, as well as passive, prevention strategies. A government public health policy including educational publicity campaigns, permanent media information and accessible health food labelling is essential. Habits, old customs and trends need to be changed through a multifactorial approach to groups, families and community. The pediatrician should lead this effort. RESUMENLa hipertensión arterial (HA) en pediatría es una patología sub diagnosticada, con una prevalencia de alrededor de un 2 a 3%. Su prevención debe comenzar precozmente con indicaciones de estilos de vida saludables, en especial reducción de sodio a 2,3 g equivalentes a 5,8 g de cloruro de sodio diarios, dada la relación directa entre cantidad de sal de la dieta y la presión arterial. En poblaciones humanas con dietas conteniendo menos de 3 g de sal por día la HA es infrecuente y no aumenta con la edad. La mayor parte del sodio ingerido se aporta por los alimentos elaborados industrialmente: el 77% se obtiene de los alimentos ACTUALIDAD CLINICAL OVERVIEW Rev Chil Pediatr 2009; 80 (1): 11-20

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“…It is a striking fact that hypertension is not found in unacculturated societies, nor does BP rise with age as occurs in all "'civilized" populations (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Primitive societies do not exhibit a rise in BP with age until they are acculturated and adopt the life style of the developed nations.…”

Section: Blood Pressure Rises With Agementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primitive societies do not exhibit a rise in BP with age until they are acculturated and adopt the life style of the developed nations. Many studies (10,12,(15)(16)(17) have been carried out comparing BP of primitive tribes and their more acculturated neighbors. Prior's data (16) comparing Polynesian males in tribes with outside cultural contact against tribes remote from developed areas illustrate the typical finding.…”

Section: Blood Pressure Rises With Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Age as a function in the development of sodium-related hypertension.

Tuthill¹,

Calabrese²

1979

Environ Health Perspect

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The populations of the developed nations of the world exhibit an increase in blood pressure with age, while in primitive societies blood pressure remains relatively constant throughout adult life. Hypertension may be a complex of diseases all having the same clinical manifestations but not being caused necessarily by the same factors. A possible common denominator in the development of any chronic elevation of blood pressure is the need for the kidney to increase urine volume to promote sodium excretion and, thereby, prevent a chronically expanded extracellular fluid (ECF). Hypertension may be viewed as a maladaptation of the body in its attempt to maintain homeostasis of the ECF. Man evolved under conditions of relative scarcity of salt and even now can maintain normal body function with an intake of less than 2 g/day. The high risk person appears to have a hereditary predisposition to a rise in blood pressure in the presence of a high sodium (NaCl) intake. Actually, the degree of rise in blood pressure may be an interaction between the amount of genetic predisposition and the level of sodium and its relation to potassium intake. Recent work in two Massachusetts communities supports this interpretation and suggests that differences in blood pressure distribution may increase with age between a higher and lower sodium community.

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Influence of Migration on Blood-Pressure of Easter Islanders

Cited by 113 publications

References 9 publications

Casual blood pressure among Tanzanian undergraduate students: need for re-defining population specific operational threshold between normotension and hypertension

Casual blood pressure among Tanzanian undergraduate students: need for re-defining population specific operational threshold between normotension and hypertension

Hipertensión arterial y consumo de sal en pediatría

Age as a function in the development of sodium-related hypertension.

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