Influence of milk flow rate on new intramammary infection in dairy cows

Rj, Grindal; Je, Hillerton

doi:10.1017/s0022029900029848

Cited by 57 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Similar findings were reported e.g. by Grindal and Hillerton (1991), Hamann et al (1994), and Geidel and Graff (2001). The average diameter of the teat canal reached 1.11 mm in the front teats, and 1.09 mm in the rear teats (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Similar findings have also been stated by Stojnovic and Alagic (2012), who confirmed the increased length of the front and rear teat canal influenced by milking. Grindal and Hillerton (1991) found out that the width in the teat canal is a positively correlated parameter, which means that with increasing width of the teat canal the risk of infection increases. On the contrary, the teat canal length is estimated as a negative correelated parameter which means that the longer the teat canal, the smaller the risk of penetration of the pathogen into the mammary gland below.…”

Section: Abstract: Ultrasonography; Udder; Teat Regeneration; Milkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of milking on the teat canal of dairy cows determined by ultrasonographic measurements

Strapák¹,

Strapáková²,

Rušinová³

et al. 2017

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Strapák P., Strapáková E., Rušinová M., Szencziová I. (2017): The influence of milking on the teat canal of dairy cows determined by ultrasonographic measurements. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 62, 75-81.The effect of milking on the length and diameter of the teat canal during teat regeneration immediately after milking was evaluated. The practical measurements of the teat canal were performed on 70 Holstein cows using ultrasound Aloka Prosound device 2. A special "bath method" of the teat ultrasonographic scanning was used at set time intervals -before milking, immediately after milking, and 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after milking. Before milking, the average length of the teat canal was 10.67 mm and 9.3 mm and the teat canal diameter was 1.11 mm and 1.09 mm for front and rear teats, respectively. The average length of the front and rear teat canal significantly increased by about 20.5 and 32.9% and the front and rear teat canal diameter increased by 9.0 and 9.1% on average immediately after milking compared to values detected before milking. After 120 min of regeneration the teat canal was by 3.56 and 14.95% longer than before milking for front and rear teats, respectively. Prolongation of the teat canal was significantly affected by teat position. Based on the present results, the time period of 120 min is not sufficient for the complete regeneration of the teat canal length to the pre-milking values. On the other hand, we recorded total regeneration of the teat diameter within 120 min after milking. The initial values of the front and rear teat diameter were equal to those measurd 120 min after milking.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Abstract: Ultrasonography; Udder; Teat Regeneration; Milkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of milking on the teat canal of dairy cows determined by ultrasonographic measurements

Strapák¹,

Strapáková²,

Rušinová³

et al. 2017

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…It is also known that cows with a high peak flow rate are more sensitive to mastitis (Grindal and Hillerton, 1991). The decline phase of the udder milk flow pa�ern is largely caused by overmilking of earlier milked Table 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quarter milk flow patterns in dairy cows: factors involved and repeatability

Tančin¹,

Ipema²,

Peškovičová³

et al. 2003

Vet. Med.

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ABSTRACT:The objectives of our study were to describe the variation of quarter milk flow parameters and to determine the factors that affect these parameters the most. Additionally, repeatabilities (r 2 ) of the quarter milk flow traits (duration of milk flow, time to reach peak flow, peak flow rate, and duration of milk flow in single phases -increase, plateau, decline and blind phase) were calculated. Repeatability of total milk yield and milk yield in single phases was calculated, too. The data from 39 Holstein cows, in their first to third lactation and free of clinical mastitis, were used for statistical analysis. A total of 1 656 curves of quarter milk flows were recorded during six consecutive days. At the last evening and morning milking samples of milk from each quarter were collected for determination of somatic cell count (SCC). Peak flow rate, quarter position, time of milking (morning and evening) and SCC significantly affected most of the measured traits. The highest r 2 were for total milk yield and yield of plateau phase 0.53 and 0.50, resp. The lowest r 2 were calculated for the duration of increase phase, and milk yield of the increase and blind phase 0.26, 0.12 and 0.21, resp. Peak flow rate, SCC, time of milking and front-rear position influenced the values of r 2 of traits to various extent.

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“…Lind (2006) calculated a mean economic value for milkability of 2.42 Euro per genetic standard deviation in German Holsteins. But a higher milk flow is also associated with an increase in problems in terms of udder health (Grindal and Hillerton, 1991;Boettcher et al, 1998;Zwald et al, 2005). However, during selection on milkability the known relationship to udder health is often disregarded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic parameters for serial, automatically recorded milkability and its relationship to udder health in dairy cattle

Gäde

Stamer

Bennewitz

et al. 2007

Animal

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Serial measurements of three milkability traits from two commercial dairy farms in Germany were used to estimate heritabilities and breeding values (BVs). Overall, 6352 cows in first, second and third lactations supplied 2 188 810 records based on daily values recorded from 1998 to 2003. Only the records between day 8 and day 305 after calving were considered. The estimated genetic correlations between different parities within the three milkability traits ranged from r g 5 0.88 to 0.98, i.e. they were sufficiently high to warrant a repeatability model. The resulting estimated heritability coefficients were h 2 5 0.42 for average milk flow, h 2 5 0.56 for maximum milk flow and h 2 5 0.38 for milking time. We analysed the genetic correlation between milkability and somatic cell score (SCS) and between milkability and the liability to mastitis, respectively, as the optimum milk flow for udder health is not well defined. There were 66 146 records with information on somatic cell count. Furthermore, 23 488 days of medical treatment for udder diseases were available, resulting in 2 600 302 days of observation in total. Heritabilities for the liability to mastitis, estimated with a test-day threshold model, were h 2 5 0.19 and h 2 5 0.13, depending on the data-recording period (first 50 days of lactation and first 305 days of lactation, respectively). With respect to the relationship between milkability and udder health, the results indicated a slight and linear correlation insofar as one can assume: the higher the milk flow, the worse the udder health. For this reason, bulls and cows with high BVs for milk flow should be excluded from breeding to avoid a deterioration of udder health. The establishment of a special data-recording scheme for functional traits such as milkability and mastitis on commercial dairy farms may be possible according to these results.

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Influence of milk flow rate on new intramammary infection in dairy cows

Cited by 57 publications

References 10 publications

The influence of milking on the teat canal of dairy cows determined by ultrasonographic measurements

The influence of milking on the teat canal of dairy cows determined by ultrasonographic measurements

Quarter milk flow patterns in dairy cows: factors involved and repeatability

Genetic parameters for serial, automatically recorded milkability and its relationship to udder health in dairy cattle

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