Influence of N‐methyl pyrrolidone on the activity of the pulp–dentine complex and bone integrity during osteoporosis

Gjoksi, Bebeka; Ruangsawasdi, Nisarat; Ghayor, Chafik; Siegenthaler, Barbara; Zenobi‐Wong, Marcy; Weber, Franz E.

doi:10.1111/iej.12622

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[ 23 ] reported that NMP contained in a drug delivery system for Leuprolide did not exhibit significant toxicity in mice. Recently, it was found that NMP has some biologic activity on the pulp-dentin complex as well as bone metabolism [ 24 ], and it is suggested as a promising vehicle for bone morphogenic protein (BMP) and enhances the bone regeneration effect [ 25 ]. Nevertheless, there are some controversies regarding the cytotoxicity of NMP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a calcium hydroxide paste using N-2-methyl-pyrrolidone as a vehicle

Lim

Jang

et al. 2017

Restor Dent Endod

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ObjectivesThis study investigated the removal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a newly developed calcium hydroxide paste (cleaniCal, Maruchi) using N-2-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a vehicle in comparison with ApexCal (Ivoclar Vivadent) and Calcipex II (Nishika), which use different vehicles such as polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol, respectively.Materials and MethodsThirty maxillary premolars with oval-shaped canals were divided into 3 groups and the teeth were filled with one of the pastes. After removal of the paste, micro-computed tomographic (μ-CT) imaging was obtained to assess the volume of residual paste in the root canal of each tooth. The teeth were then split longitudinally and the area of the paste-coated surface was evaluated by stereomicroscopy. The cytotoxicity of each product was assessed using an agar overlay assay. The effect of each vehicle on cell viability was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's tests to detect any significance (p < 0.05).ResultsIn the μ-CT and stereomicroscopic analysis, cleaniCal exhibited less remnants of medicament than ApexCal and Calcipex. cleaniCal showed a higher cytotoxicity than the other pastes in the agar overlay assay. Furthermore, NMP exhibited lower cell viability compared to the other vehicles.ConclusionscleaniCal showed better removal efficacy compared to the other products. However, clinicians should be aware of the higher cytotoxicity of the NMP-based material and consider its possible adverse effects on periradicular tissue when it is overfilled.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a calcium hydroxide paste using N-2-methyl-pyrrolidone as a vehicle

Lim

Jang

et al. 2017

Restor Dent Endod

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“…Inhibitors of the BRD target osteoblastogenesis via Runx2 inhibition and osteoclastogenesis via inhibition of Myc and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) [ 102 ]. In the context of the treatment of osteoporosis and bone loss, BRD inhibitors have shown in vitro and in vivo promising results presumably due to their activity to inhibit osteoclastogenesis and inflammation [ 98 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 ]. Indeed, DNA methylation and histone modifications such as acetylation could be recognized by BRD-containing proteins and selective BRD inhibitors seem to be a new epigenetic approach to treat bone-related diseases.…”

Section: Epigenetically Active Drugs and Bone Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Regulation of Bone Remodeling and Its Impacts in Osteoporosis

Ghayor

Weber

2016

IJMS

103

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Epigenetics describes mechanisms which control gene expression and cellular processes without changing the DNA sequence. The main mechanisms in epigenetics are DNA methylation in CpG-rich promoters, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). DNA methylation modifies the function of the DNA and correlates with gene silencing. Histone modifications including acetylation/deacetylation and phosphorylation act in diverse biological processes such as transcriptional activation/inactivation and DNA repair. Non-coding RNAs play a large part in epigenetic regulation of gene expression in addition to their roles at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. Osteoporosis is the most common skeletal disorder, characterized by compromised bone strength and bone micro-architectural deterioration that predisposes the bones to an increased risk of fracture. It is most often caused by an increase in bone resorption that is not sufficiently compensated by a corresponding increase in bone formation. Nowadays it is well accepted that osteoporosis is a multifactorial disorder and there are genetic risk factors for osteoporosis and bone fractures. Here we review emerging evidence that epigenetics contributes to the machinery that can alter DNA structure, gene expression, and cellular differentiation during physiological and pathological bone remodeling.

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“…Alternatively, the periodic injection of NMP can also be considered because NMP is an injectable pharmaceutical excipient in FDA-approved formulations. A weekly injection of NMP was previously shown to produce antiosteoporotic activity in ovariectomized rats [22, 23]. However, those authors stated that the frequency and duration of the injections need be investigated further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Regeneration Using N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone as an Enhancer for Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in a Rabbit Sinus Augmentation Model

Lim

Thoma

Yoon

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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The aim of this study was to determine whether N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) can decrease the dose of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in sinus augmentation of rabbits. In each of 15 rabbits, 2 sinuses were randomly grafted using 1 of 3 treatment modalities: (i) biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; control), (ii) rhBMP-2-coated BCP (BMP), or (iii) rhBMP-2-coated BCP soaked in NMP solution (BMP/NMP). The rabbits were sacrificed 2 weeks postoperatively. Histologic and histomorphometric analyses were performed. Bone formation in all groups was predominantly located close to the access window and the lateral walls. Newly formed bone within the total augmented area (NBTA) was greatest in BMP/NMP (1.94 ± 0.69 mm2), followed by BMP (1.50 ± 0.72 mm2) and BCP (1.28 ± 0.52 mm2) (P > 0.05). In the center of the augmentation (NBROI_C) and the area close to the sinus membrane (NBROI_M), BMP/NMP produced the largest area of NB (NBROI_C: 0.10 ± 0.11 mm2; NBROI_M: 0.17 ± 0.08 mm2); the corresponding NB values for BCP were 0.05 ± 0.05 mm2 and 0.08 ± 0.09 mm2, respectively (P > 0.05 for all comparisons). The effect of NMP on bone regeneration was inconsistent between the specimens. Adding NMP as an adjunct to rhBMP-2-coated BCP produced inconsistent effects on bone regeneration, resulting in no significant benefit compared to controls.

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Influence of N‐methyl pyrrolidone on the activity of the pulp–dentine complex and bone integrity during osteoporosis

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Removal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a calcium hydroxide paste using N-2-methyl-pyrrolidone as a vehicle

Removal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a calcium hydroxide paste using N-2-methyl-pyrrolidone as a vehicle

Epigenetic Regulation of Bone Remodeling and Its Impacts in Osteoporosis

Bone Regeneration Using N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone as an Enhancer for Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in a Rabbit Sinus Augmentation Model

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