Influence of Nanocellulose Structure on Paper Reinforcement

Perdoch, Waldemar; Cao, Zhuoran; Florczak, Patryk; Markiewicz, Roksana; Jarek, Marcin; Olejnik, Konrad; Mazela, Bartłomiej

doi:10.3390/molecules27154696

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The uniformity of CF paper critically affects its mass transfer capacity [ 30 ]. The degree of flocculation and dispersion of CFs can be determined by comparing the CF paper uniformity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Dopamine-Modified Carbon Fiber Paper Composites for Gas Diffusion Layers

Chen

Sun

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Carbon fibers (CFs) cannot be directly used for the preparation of CF paper because of their chemically inert nature. Herein, the surface of CFs was modified using the spontaneous oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine. By taking full advantage of the spontaneous oxidation and self-polymerization properties of PD to maintain the maximum strength of CFs, a polydopamine-modified CF paper (PDA-CFP) with excellent performance was prepared using PD-modified CFs (PDA-CFs). This increased the proportion of hydrophilic functional groups on the surface of carbon fibers, increased the O/C ratio on the CF surface by 6 times, and improved the bond strength between the modified CF and the adhesive by making full use of the interaction force between polydopamine and PVA fibers. In this way, the primary properties of the CF paper were improved. Overall, the results showed that the dispersion of CF was considerably improved with dopamine modification. In addition, the primary physical properties of PDA-CFP were better than those of virgin CF paper (CFP-0). PDA-CFP exhibited a maximum tensile strength of 2.04 kN·m−1, a minimum resistivity of 0.06055 Ω·cm−1, and a minimum porosity of 72.4%. The tightness was increased by up to 12.1%.

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“…The uniformity of CF paper critically affects its mass transfer capacity [ 30 ]. The degree of flocculation and dispersion of CFs can be determined by comparing the CF paper uniformity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Dopamine-Modified Carbon Fiber Paper Composites for Gas Diffusion Layers

Chen

Sun

et al. 2023

Polymers

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“…The stress–strain curves for an untreated paper sheet and its composites of Glc, MC, and CMC were measured at room temperature using a uniaxial tensile apparatus with a 500 N load cell (EZ–Test EZ–SX, Shimadzu Co., Kyoto, Japan). The sample has a dumbbell shape with a size of 4 mm wide and 26 mm long, and it was stretched with a stretching speed of 2 mm/min in the machine direction (MD), which has greater fiber orientation than the cross direction (CD) [ 24 ]. The thickness of the samples was measured by an electronic micrometer (QEM133–25 Niigata Seiki Co., Sanjo, Japan).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3.6 MPa, which is approx. 1.2-fold higher than that of untreated paper [ 24 ]. The breaking strength is not improved extensively by hybridizing cellulose nanofiber (CNFs) or nanocrystal; however, the breaking strain is greatly improved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Reinforcement of Paper Sheets Composited with Carboxymethyl Cellulose

Kobayashi,

Kaneko,

Supachettapun

et al. 2023

Polymers

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The mechanical properties for paper sheets composited with glucose (Glc), methyl cellulose (MC), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were investigated. The paper composites were prepared by immersing paper sheets in aqueous solutions of these materials and drying at 100 °C for 30 min. The stress–strain curves for these paper composites were measured by a uniaxial tensile apparatus with a stretching speed of 2 mm/min. The breaking stress and strain for untreated paper were 24 MPa and 0.016, respectively. The paper composites demonstrated stress–strain curves similar to the untreated paper; however, the breaking point largely differed for these composites. The breaking strain and breaking stress for the Glc composite slightly decreased and those for the MC composite gradually increased with the concentration of materials composited. Significant increases in the mechanical properties were observed for the CMC composite. The breaking stress, breaking strain, and breaking energy for the 3 wt.% CMC composite were 2.0-, 3.9-, and 8.0-fold higher than those for untreated paper, respectively. SEM photographs indicated that the CMC penetrated into the inner part of the paper. These results strongly suggest that the mechanical improvement for CMC composites can be understood as an enhancement of the bond strength between the paper fibrils by CMC, which acts as a bonding agent. It was also revealed that the breaking strain, breaking stress, and breaking energy for the CMC composites were at maximum at the first cycle and decreased gradually as the immersion cycles increased.

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“…Paper strength depends on paper fibers strength, strength of bond between fibers and tendency of entanglement of fibers in the paper . The introduction of cellulose particles with nanoscale dimensions will contribute to fill the voids in the fiber-to-fiber contact area, increasing the number of hydrogen bonds formed, the bonded area, and thus improving the strength of paper without compromising the appearance or texture (Perdoch et al, 2022).…”

Section: Nanocelluloses In Historical Documentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocelluloses and Their Applications in Conservation and Restoration of Historical Documents

Marques,

Almeida,

Pereira

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Nanocelluloses have gained significant attention in recent years due to singular properties (good biocompatibility, high optical transparency and mechanical strength, large specific surface area and good film-forming ability) and wide-ranging applications (paper, food packaging, textiles, electronics and biomedical). This article is a comprehensive review of nanocelluloses from the preparation methods to their applications in conservation and restoration of historical paper documents. The novelty lies in the information collected about nanocelluloses as renewable, environmentally friendly and sustainable materials in the field of preservation of cultural heritage as an alternative to conventional methods. Several studies have demonstrated that nanocelluloses, with or without other particles, impart to the paper documents excellent optical and mechanical properties, very good stability against temperature and humidity aging, stronger antibacterial and antifungal activity, high protection to UV light and do not require additional adhesive.

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Influence of Nanocellulose Structure on Paper Reinforcement

Cited by 23 publications

References 56 publications

Preparation and Characterization of Dopamine-Modified Carbon Fiber Paper Composites for Gas Diffusion Layers

Preparation and Characterization of Dopamine-Modified Carbon Fiber Paper Composites for Gas Diffusion Layers

Mechanical Properties and Reinforcement of Paper Sheets Composited with Carboxymethyl Cellulose

Nanocelluloses and Their Applications in Conservation and Restoration of Historical Documents

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