Influence of natural ventilation rate on indoor PM2.5 deposition

Liu, Cong; Yang, Jiayu; Ji, Siyu; Lu, Yuxin; Wu, Peichan; Chen, Chun

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.08.039

Cited by 71 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…However, none of these studies considered the possibility of the aerosols carrying any charge, and what effect this would have on measured deposition rates. This was also the case in a number of other aerosol deposition studies (Abadie et al, 2001;El Hamdani et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 59%

A Test Chamber Investigation of the Effect of Charging on Aerosol Deposition on Indoor Surfaces

Din

McGrath

Byrne

2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Exposure to radioactive aerosols of accidental origin is harmful to human health. Radioactive aerosols have an ability to self-charge due to ionization, and this influences their deposition behavior, but this effect has been rarely studied. In a test chamber study, the effect is investigated by using a corona unit to apply charges that are representative of the levels found on radioactive particles to three aerosol size distributions of 0.5 μm, 1.0 μm and 2.0 μm. Aerosol deposition velocities were calculated for each particle size, two chamber airflow values, three aerosol charge regimes (high positive, high negative, and no corona charging), and three interior wall surfaces (aluminum, wallpaper, polyethylene). The results show no significant difference between deposition velocities of charged aerosols of opposite polarities, but a difference of up to 72% between deposition velocities of corona-charged and uncharged aerosols. For all aerosol sizes and charge regimes, aerosol deposition was found to be enhanced to the greatest degree when the chamber walls were lined with polyethylene, with values found to be up to 4-8 times higher than those calculated in aluminum-walled chamber cases.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 59%

A Test Chamber Investigation of the Effect of Charging on Aerosol Deposition on Indoor Surfaces

Din

McGrath

Byrne

2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Five Danish homes are reported to have all‐season average of 0.36‐1.97 hours −1 . Chen et al assumed air exchange rate with open windows to be higher than that with closed windows by 1.5 hours −1 . Based on these studies, a baseline value of 0.7 hours −1 is assumed in the present study, and a sensitivity test is carried out with a lower value of 0.4 hours −1 and a higher value of 2 hours −1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As the size distribution of PM 2.5 is often unavailable, we have treated PM 2.5 as monodisperse particles with a characteristic diameter ( d p ). Since the size distribution of indoor PM 2.5 normally peaks at 0.3‐1 μm, we use a median value of 0.6 μm as a baseline value for its peak size and test sensitivity by varying it to 0.3 μm and 1 μm. A p and V p are equal to

π d_{p}^{2}

and

π d_{p}^{3} / 6

, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 Chen et al 27 assumed air exchange rate with open windows to be higher than that with closed windows by 1.5 hours −1 . 28 Based on these studies, a baseline value of 0.7 hours −1 is assumed in the present study, and a sensitivity test is carried out with a lower value of 0.4 hours −1 and a higher value of 2 hours −1 . For the two US studies (listed in Table S1), in which the buildings were mechanically ventilated, Q/V was calculated according to the information presented in the papers.…”

Section: Parameter Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Redistribution of PM_2.5‐associated nitrate and ammonium during outdoor‐to‐indoor transport

2019

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Nitrate and ammonium ions are major constituents of outdoor PM2.5. Human exposure to these ions occurs primarily indoors. To assess the adverse outcomes from exposure to them, it is necessary to quantify the relationships between outdoor and indoor PM2.5 nitrate and ammonium. The relationships for the two semi‐volatile ions are more complex than those of non‐volatile PM2.5 constituents (eg, sulfate, elemental carbon). This study presents a mechanistic description of their outdoor‐indoor relationships that incorporates a dynamic gas‐particle partitioning and key parameters such as the pH and water content of PM2.5. Compared to measurements of nitrate and ammonium, the model has normalized mean biases of −9% and −42% and correlation coefficients of 0.95 and 0.68 for nitrate and ammonium, respectively. This suggests satisfactory agreement for nitrate, but less strong for ammonium. Sensitivity analysis on key parameters indicates that the model generally works well across a range of values typical of indoor settings. The model's performance is sensitive to pH and water content in PM2.5, which control the gas‐particle partitioning process. Indoor PM2.5 tends to be more acidic than outdoor PM2.5, raising potential health concern. The model provides insights in exposure assessment, source apportionment, and health‐composition attribution of indoor PM2.5.

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“…This longer lifetime of particles may pose a signi cantviral exposure to healthcare personnel, especially in indoorenvironments. PM 2.5 can also be deposited in indoorenvironments such as hospitals' ooring 17,18 and anysurface materials 19,20 . This ne particulate matter isreadily propagated by tiny turbulent eddies in the air that arisefrom physical activities such as human movements andwalking 21,,22 .…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate matter (PM2.5) as a potential SARS-CoV-2 carrier

Shafinaz

Wai

Ibrahim

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 in the COVID-19 pandemic had raised questions on the route of transmission of this disease. Initial understanding was that transmission originated from respiratory droplet from an infected host to a susceptible host. However, indirect contact transmission of viable virus by fomites and through aerosols has also been suggested. Herein, we report the involvement of fine indoor air particulate with the diameter of ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5) as the transport agent of the virus. PM2.5 was collected over four weeks during a 48 hours measurement intervals in four separate wards containing different infected clusters in a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Our results indicated highest SARS-CoV-2 RNA on PM2.5 in the ward associated with a lavatory. We suggest a link between the virus-laden PM2.5 and the ward’s design. Patients’ symptoms and numbers that govern the magnitude of viral shedding may also influence the number of airborne SARS-CoV-2 RNA on PM2.5 in an enclosed environment.

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Influence of natural ventilation rate on indoor PM2.5 deposition

Cited by 71 publications

References 72 publications

A Test Chamber Investigation of the Effect of Charging on Aerosol Deposition on Indoor Surfaces

A Test Chamber Investigation of the Effect of Charging on Aerosol Deposition on Indoor Surfaces

Redistribution of PM_2.5‐associated nitrate and ammonium during outdoor‐to‐indoor transport

Particulate matter (PM2.5) as a potential SARS-CoV-2 carrier

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Influence of natural ventilation rate on indoor PM2.5 deposition

Cited by 71 publications

References 72 publications

A Test Chamber Investigation of the Effect of Charging on Aerosol Deposition on Indoor Surfaces

A Test Chamber Investigation of the Effect of Charging on Aerosol Deposition on Indoor Surfaces

Redistribution of PM2.5‐associated nitrate and ammonium during outdoor‐to‐indoor transport

Particulate matter (PM2.5) as a potential SARS-CoV-2 carrier

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Redistribution of PM_2.5‐associated nitrate and ammonium during outdoor‐to‐indoor transport