Influence of needle gauge used for venipuncture on measures of hemostasis in cats

Solbak, Susanna; Epstein, Steven E; Hopper, Katrina

doi:10.1177/1098612x18766154

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A possible limit of our study is represented by different sites of sample collection between group B (femoral or cephalic vein) and C (jugular vein). Notwithstanding, while the effects of needle gauge on hemostatic indices have been investigated in cats [ 17 ], to the best our knowledge, no data are available in the literature about the possible effects of the vein district or caliber on the measured hematological parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological Parameters from the Feline Blood Donor to the Blood Unit: What Changes Are to Be Expected?

Vascellari

Carminato

Zottis

et al. 2022

Animals

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Feline blood donation requires sedation to allow for good blood collection, avoiding venous damage and unnecessary donor stress. In the present study, we describe the variation of hematological parameters in a population of 74 healthy blood-donor cats that underwent the same sedation protocol, including medetomidine, alfaxalone, and butorphanol. Changes in hematological parameters were evaluated in blood samples collected from conscious cats (group A), sedated cats (group B), and feline whole-blood units (FBUs) (group C). Significant differences were observed between unsedated and sedated cats: the mean RBC count, HGB, HCT, and RDW were significantly lower in sedated cats than in conscious ones, with a difference of 17.95%, 18.42%, 28.21%, and 10.00%, respectively. In accordance with previously reported data, our results confirm that sedation is a critical procedure in cats that can affect most of the hematological parameters. The second finding of our study is that no significant differences for the main hematological parameters were observed between sedated cats and FBUs, thus suggesting that the dilution with the conservative–anticoagulant solution exert negligible effects on these parameters with respect to samples of sedated animals. This hematological change must be taken into consideration since such parameters are important to define the quality of FBUs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological Parameters from the Feline Blood Donor to the Blood Unit: What Changes Are to Be Expected?

Vascellari

Carminato

Zottis

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…The blood donor group did have a significantly different methodology, which may have led to different results. However, data in humans suggests that needle gauge does not significantly affect hemostatic parameters in cats, 28 dogs, 9,30 or humans. 20 In humans, the use of butterfly catheters did not affect the results of PFA-100 testing compared to direct collection.…”

Section: Measurandmentioning

confidence: 97%

Investigation of Platelet Function Analyzer 200 platelet function measurements in healthy cats and cats receiving clopidogrel

Kornya,

Abrams-Ogg,

Blois

et al. 2023

J VET Diagn Invest

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The Platelet Function Analyzer 200 (PFA-200; Siemens) is an in vitro substitute for in vivo bleeding time that is designed to investigate platelet function in a more physiologic manner than traditional aggregometry. The analyzer reports a closure time (CT) as a marker of platelet function, and may also report the calculated platelet function measurement primary hemostasis components, PHC1 and PHC2. These incorporate the measured total volume (TV) of blood aspirated and the initial flow rate (IF). We determined, for the COL/ADP and P2Y cartridges, the median total volume (TVmedian), and RIs for CT, IF, TV, PHC1, and PHC2, and investigated the sensitivity and specificity of those parameters at the determined interpretation thresholds in determination of the clopidogrel effect. Healthy client-owned cats were recruited prospectively to determine RIs for CT, IF, TV, PHC1, and PHC2. Healthy blood-donor cats and cats on clopidogrel therapy were included retrospectively to determine test performance. In 20 healthy cats, RIs for COL/ADP were CT (19.5–87.2 s), IF (199–278 µL/min), TV (199–332 µL), PHC1 (94–106%), and PHC2 (52–148%); and for P2Y, CT (4.2–94.3 s), IF (112–208 µL/min), TV (151–294 µL), PHC1 (35–178%), and PHC2 (90–109%). CVs were calculated for all of these values. Specificity for detection of the clopidogrel effect was calculated from a group of healthy blood donors, and sensitivity for detection of the clopidogrel effect from a group of cats with known clopidogrel effect. Sensitivity and specificity were, for COL/ADP: CT (83.3%, 66.6%), IF (41.4%, 83.3%), TV (83.3%, 100%), PHC1 (100%, 100%) and PHC2 (100%, 83.3%); and for P2Y: CT (100%, 94.4%), IF (30%, 44.4%), TV (100%, 94.4%), PHC1 (100%, 100%), and PHC2 (100%, 97.7%). These PFA-200 values may be beneficial in the determination of platelet function in cats.

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“…Smaller gauge needles may be more comfortable for the cat, with a number of studies showing no impact on clotting parameters or biochemistry/haematology readings. 70,71 Additionally, the human literature 72 indicates that less pain is experienced when phlebotomy is performed using a smaller gauge needle, and the Task Force members’ experience is that the same is true in cats. Changing to a fresh needle after drawing up medication also ensures a sharp needle, reducing any pain that a blunter needle may cause.…”

Section: Cat Friendly Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

2022 ISFM/AAFP Cat Friendly Veterinary Environment Guidelines

Taylor¹,

Denis

Collins³

et al. 2022

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Practical relevance: The ‘2022 ISFM/AAFP Cat Friendly Veterinary Environment Guidelines’ (hereafter the ‘Cat Friendly Veterinary Environment Guidelines’) describe how the veterinary clinic environment can be manipulated to minimise feline patient distress. Many components of a veterinary clinic visit or stay may result in negative experiences for cats. However, much can be done to improve a cat’s experience by making the veterinary clinic more cat friendly. Exposure to other cats and other species can be reduced, and adjustments made with consideration of the feline senses and species-specific behaviour. Caregivers can prepare cats for a clinic visit with appropriate advice. Waiting rooms, examination rooms, hospital wards and other clinic areas can be designed and altered to reduce stress and hence encourage positive emotions. Changes need not be structural or expensive in order to be effective and make a difference to the cats and, in turn, to cat caregivers and the veterinary team. Moreover, by improving the all-round experience at the veterinary clinic, there are positive effects on preventive healthcare, identification of and recovery from illness, and compliance with treatment. Clinical challenges: Good feline healthcare necessitates visiting the veterinary clinic, which, simply by being outside of a cat’s territory and familiar surroundings, may lead to negative experiences. Such experiences can trigger negative (protective) emotions and associated physiological stress, which can result in misleading clinical findings, patient distress, prolonged recovery from illness, further difficulties with handling at subsequent visits and potential veterinary personnel injury. There may be a mistaken belief that veterinary clinics must undergo significant renovation or building work to become cat friendly, and that, if species cannot be separated, then clinics cannot improve their care of cats. These Guidelines aim to dispel any such misconceptions and provide detailed practical advice. Evidence base: These Guidelines have been created by a Task Force of experts convened by the International Society of Feline Medicine and American Association of Feline Practitioners, based on an extensive literature review and, where evidence is lacking, the authors’ experience. Endorsements: These Guidelines have been endorsed by a number of groups and organisations, as detailed on page 1161 and at icatcare.org/cat-friendly-guidelines and catvets.com/environment .

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Influence of needle gauge used for venipuncture on measures of hemostasis in cats

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Hematological Parameters from the Feline Blood Donor to the Blood Unit: What Changes Are to Be Expected?

Hematological Parameters from the Feline Blood Donor to the Blood Unit: What Changes Are to Be Expected?

Investigation of Platelet Function Analyzer 200 platelet function measurements in healthy cats and cats receiving clopidogrel

2022 ISFM/AAFP Cat Friendly Veterinary Environment Guidelines

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