Influence of Nitrogen Gas Flow Rate on The Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Tin Deposited Carbon Steel Synthesized by Cae

Abstract

This paper reports on the preparation of titanium nitride (TiN) thin films on carbon steel plates, using cathodic arc evaporation CAE PVD technique. We studied and discussed the effect of various nitrogen gas flow rates on microstructural and mechanical properties of TiN-coated carbon steel plates. The coating properties investigated in this work included the surface morphology, thickness of deposited coating, adhesion between the coating and substrate, coating composition, coating crystallography, hardness and surface characterization using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Xray diffraction (XRD) with glazing incidence angle (GIA) technique, scratch tester, hardness testing machine, surface roughness tester and atomic force microscope (AFM). SEM analyses showed that all the films had columnar and dense structures with clearly defined substrate-film interfacial layers. The hardness of TiN-coated carbon steel was noted six times more than the hardness of uncoated one. An increase in nitrogen gas flow rate showed; decrease in the formation of macro-droplets, average roughness (Ra) and root-mean-square (RMS) values in CAE PVD technique. During XRD-GIA studies, it was observed that by increasing the nitrogen gas flow rate, the main peak [1,1,1] shifted toward the lower angular position. Microhardness of TiN-coated carbon steel showed about six times increase in hardness than the uncoated one. Scratch tester results showed an average adhesion between the coating material and substrate. Thanks to the high resolution power could be observed that by increasing nitrogen gas flow rate there was percentage increase in the bearing ratio while percentage decrease in histogram.

Thin TiN coating on NiTi substrate through PVD method: Improvement of the wear resistance

“…It has been reported that by increasing the nitrogen gas flow rate, the main peak of TiN (111) shifted toward the lower angular position. Shifting the main peak to a lower angular position in TiN-coated steel plate basically indicates an increase in intrinsic stress [35].…”

Effect of DC power on the thickness, hardness and adhesion strength of Ti-51 at% Ni coated Ti/TiN

“…The scanning showed that oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) were present and their concentration increased gradually from the substrate to the final TiN layer. The Ti interlayer is very soft; it requires the mixing of nitrogen to enhance the interlayer's strength and hardness [27]. As the level of nitrogen doping increases, there is a general trend that the Ti interlayer's hardness increases, which is clearly due to the dissolution of nitrogen in the α-Ti lattice, that causes the solid solution to harden in the interlayer [28].…”

Efficient performance analysis and rapid evaluation for spot-welded stainless steel vehicles

“…Ding and Peng [12] verified the importance of secondary development in the CAE analyses of passenger cars combined with the TCL language in HyperMesh. Zhi et al [13] used a D-optimal experimental design to evaluate the reliability of solder joints, combining the APDL [14][15] and TCL [16][17][18][19] languages. However, none of these studies simultaneously conducted a performance analysis and secondary development of the software for spot-welded stainless steel vehicles.…”