Influence of non-uniform asymmetric heating on conjugate heat transfer in a rectangular minichannel using nanofluid by two-phase Eulerian-Lagrangian method

Effect of non-uniform heating on conjugate heat transfer performance for nanofluid flow in a converging duct by a two-phase Eulerian–Lagrangian method

“…The momentum conservation equation for the nanoparticles is formulated from the Newton's second law of motion for per unit mass of nanoparticle as follows 41 : where where, F stands for the overall force per unit mass acting on the particle to guide on the pathways and v z, V p , ρ p , and g are the continuous phase velocity, velocity of particles, density of nanoparticles, and acceleration due to gravity. Moreover, F D , F L , F B , F P , and F T are the force per unit mass on the particle of the viscous drag, Shaffman lift, Brownian motion, pressure gradient, virtual mass, and thermophoresis, respectively.…”

“…Moreover, F D , F L , F B , F P , and F T are the force per unit mass on the particle of the viscous drag, Shaffman lift, Brownian motion, pressure gradient, virtual mass, and thermophoresis, respectively. The different forces as mentioned acting on the dispersed phases are as follows 41 : where, C c represents the Cunningham correction factor.…”

“…The fluid bulk mean temperature is obtained as: The local Nusselt number ( Nu ) and the average Nusselt number false( N u a v false) are evaluated as follows 41 : Here, D h is the hydraulic diameter and in the present study it is taken at a distance of L /3.6 from the outlet.…”

“…The momentum conservation equation for the nanoparticles is formulated from the Newton's second law of motion for per unit mass of nanoparticle as follows 41 :…”

Influence of conjugate heat transfer on the minimization of entropy generation for forced convective flow through parallel plate channel filled with porous material

“…Gireesha et al 24 investigated the effects of the magnetic field, boundary condition, and suction/injection on the entropy generation for flow of Casson fluid through a porous inclined microchannel. Conjugate heat transfer analysis on nanofluid subjected to nonuniform asymmetric heating is also available 25,26 . Irreversibility analysis for laminar flow of a nanofluid in a channel with an obstacle pointed out the effect of wall conduction on the entropy generation 27 .…”