Influence of nonverbal communication and rater proximity on impressions and decisions in simulated employment interviews.

Abstract

This laboratory study examined the influences of nonverbal communication and different methods of assessing a job applicant. Female subjects (N = 72) saw either an immediate or nonimmediate applicant while serving as an interviewer, observer, or television observer (2X3 factorial design). Both observers were yoked to the interviewer. The results clearly indicate that nonverbal communication had a significant (p < .001) effect on interview impressions and subsequent decisions. Further, several self-report measures suggest different degrees of involvement as a function of the rater's proximity. Implications for future research and novel interviewing techniques are discussed.The authors wish to thank Bill Byrley, Betty French, Cherie Lewis, and the Behavioral Sciences Laboratory staff for their assistance in conducting this study, and give a special thanks to Manuel London and Anne Marie Francesco for their advice and assistance.Requests for reprints should be sent to

Verbal and Nonverbal Impression Management Tactics in Behavior Description and Situational Interviews

“…Furthermore, research has consistently shown that friendly nonverbal behaviors, especially eye contact, smiling, hand gesturing, and head nodding, are associated with higher interview evaluations (e.g., Anderson, 1991;Anderson & Shackleton, 1990;Burnett & Motowidlo, 1998;Cash & Kilcullen, 1985;DeGroot & Motowidlo, 1999;Forbes & Jackson, 1980;Gifford, Ng, & Wilkinson, 1985;Hollandsworth, Kazelskis, Stevens, & Dressel, 1979;Imada & Hakel, 1977;McGovern, Jones, Warwick, & Jackson, 1981;Motowidlo & Burnett, 1995;Parsons & Liden, 1984;Rasmussen, 1984). This leads to the following hypothesis, which basically attempts to replicate prior findings of a relationship between IM use (both verbal and nonverbal) and interview ratings.…”

Eye contact and the perception of intelligence

“…For example, Amalfitano and Kalt (1977) and Tankard (1970) found that photographs of perspective job applicants who exhibited greater eye contact toward a camera were rated higher as management trainees than applicants whose eyes averted the camera . Similarly, Imada and Hakel (1977) described a general nonverbal constellation involving eye contact, smiling, gestures, and attentive body posture that produced consistently favorable ratings by interviewers. They noted that when these nonverbal cues were present, the job applicant was characteristically described as a warm , enthusiastic, and likable person by raters and, as a result , recommended for the position.…”

İşe Alim Görüşmeleri̇nde Aldatma Davranişinin Görüşmeye Gi̇ren Ve Gi̇rmeyen Ki̇şi̇ler Açisindan İncelenmesi̇

“…İşe alım görüşmelerinde uygulanan izlenim yönetimini araştıran literatürde çok sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır (Bkz. Baron, 1986;Barrick ve Franke, 2002;Bolino, Kacmar, Turnley ve Gilstrap, 2008;Chen, Yang ve Lin, 2010;Christiansen, Rozek, Burns ve Gary, 2010;Ellis, West, Ryan ve DeShon, 2002, Gilmore ve Ferris, 1989Imada ve Hakal, 1977;Kacmar, Delery ve Ferris, 1992;Knouse, 1994;Knouse, Giacalone, ve Pollard, 1988;Kristof-Brown, McFarland, Ryan, ve Kriska, 2003;Stevens ve Kristof, 1995;Van Iddekinge, McFarland ve Raymark, 2007;Weiss ve Feldman, 2006). Bu çalışmada ise, işe alım görüşmelerinde aldatma davranışı, izlenim yönetimine göre daha yeni bir kavram olması, daha farklı yanları bulunması ve daha az araştırılması nedeniyle, izlenim yönetimi ile eş tutulmamaktadır.…”