Influence of nutrition on somatotropic axis: Milk consumption in adult individuals with moderate-severe obesity

Barrea, Luigi; Somma, Carolina Di; Macchia, Paolo Emidio; Falco, Andrea; Savanelli, Maria Cristina; Orio, Francesco; Colao, Annamaria; Savastano, Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2015.12.007

Cited by 51 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The anthropometric assessment was performed following standard criteria by the same nutritionist. The subjects were recommended to dress in light clothes and to remove shoes during the assessment [15][16][17]. The BMI (weight (kg) divided by height squared (m 2 ), kg/m 2 ) was calculated after measuring weight and height.…”

Section: Anthropometric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex Differences of Vitamin D Status across BMI Classes: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study

et al. 2019

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Growing evidence reported that vitamin D deficiency is a common finding in obesity. Vitamin D status also seems to be sex-related, although little is known regarding this association. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the sex-related differences of serum 25OH vitamin D (25OHD) concentrations across body mass index (BMI) classes and, if there were any differences, whether they could be explained by sex-related differences in body composition. We enrolled 500 subjects (250 males, age 37.4 ± 11.8 years; 250 females, age 36.6 ± 11.8 years). Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) phase-sensitive system. Serum 25OHD concentration was quantified by a direct, competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a serum 25OHD concentrations < 20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L). Stratifying the sample population according to sex and BMI categories, 25OHD concentrations were significantly higher in males compared to females in all BMI classes and decreased along with the increase of BMI values. Females with vitamin D deficiency had higher fat mass (FM) % compared to males with vitamin D deficiency. The 25OHD concentrations inversely correlated with FM % in both sexes. In a multiple regression analysis model, sex, FM %, and BMI were predictive factors of 25OHD concentration. In conclusion, our study suggests that 25OHD concentrations were lower in females than males across all BMI categories. Given the tight correlation between 25OHD concentrations and FM %, it can be hypothesized that the lower 25OHD concentrations in females than males can be explained by the fact that females have a higher amount of fat than males.Nutrients 2019, 11, 3034 2 of 12 coming from The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005 to 2006 provide information regarding the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in people with obesity and at normal weight. The 2005 to 2006 NHANES included certain subgroups of the US population, including low-income persons, older adults aged 60 years or older, African Americans, and Mexican Americans, to provide a more in-depth snapshot of these population groups. A total of 12,862 individuals were sampled in the 2005 to 2006 NHANES. Among the sampled individuals, 10,348 (80.5%) participated in the interview and 8306 (65%) provided valid data on vitamin D measurement. The findings of this study reported that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (vitamin D concentration < 20 ng/mL) has been reported to be higher (53.8%) in subjects with obesity compared to normal weight (33%) [6]. Body fat may represent a reservoir for vitamin D storage, reducing its bioavailability [7]. An inverse correlation between serum 25OHD concentration and magnitude of weight loss in people with obesity after bariatric surgery confirms this theory [8]. Indeed, large accrual in adipose tissue depot implies that vitamin D3 could not be appropriately released into the general circulation to support serum 25OHD concentrations. However, the sequestration and the inappr...

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Section: Anthropometric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The BIA phase-sensitive system (800 µA, 50 kHz; BIA 101 RJL, Akern Bioresearch, Florence, Italy) was used by experienced observers to assess body composition [19] as previously reported [17,[20][21][22]. We performed the exam as suggested by the European Society of Parental and Enteral Nutrition (ESPEN) [23].…”

Section: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences of Vitamin D Status across BMI Classes: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study

et al. 2019

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“…The anthropometric measurements were performed following standard criteria from the same nutritionist according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK 2006). The subjects were recommended to dress in light clothes and remove shoes during the assessment, as previously reported [32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Anthropometric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sun’s Vitamin in Adult Patients Affected by Prader–Willi Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder characterized by hyperphagia with progressive, severe obesity, and an increased risk of obesity-related comorbidities in adult life. Although low dietary vitamin D intake and low 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) levels are commonly reported in PWS in the context of bone metabolism, the association of low 25OHD levels with fat mass has not been extensively evaluated in PWS adults. The aims of this study were to investigate the following in PWS adults: (1) 25OHD levels and the dietary vitamin D intake; (2) associations among 25OHD levels with anthropometric measurements and fat mass; (3) specific cut-off values for body mass index (BMI) and fat mass predictive of the 25OHD levels. In this cross-sectional, single-center study we enrolled 30 participants, 15 PWS adults (age 19–41 years and 40% males) and 15 control subjects matched by age, sex, and BMI from the same geographical area (latitude 40° 49’ N; elevation 17 m). Fat mass was assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) phase-sensitive system. The 25OHD levels were determined by a direct competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay. Dietary vitamin D intake data was collected by three-day food records. The 25OHD levels in the PWS adults were constantly lower across all categories of BMI and fat mass compared with their obese counterpart. The 25OHD levels were negatively associated with BMI (p = 0.04), waist circumference (p = 0.03), fat mass (p = 0.04), and dietary vitamin D intake (p < 0.001). During multiple regression analysis, dietary vitamin D intake was entered at the first step (p < 0.001), thus explaining 84% of 25OHD level variability. The threshold values of BMI and fat mass predicting the lowest decrease in the 25OHD levels were found at BMI ≥ 42 kg/m2 (p = 0.01) and fat mass ≥ 42 Kg (p = 0.003). In conclusion, our data indicate that: (i) 25OHD levels and dietary vitamin D intake were lower in PWS adults than in the control, independent of body fat differences; (ii) 25OHD levels were inversely associated with BMI, waist circumference, and fat mass, but low dietary vitamin D intake was the major determinant of low vitamin D status in these patients; (iii) sample-specific cut-off values of BMI and fat mass might help to predict risks of the lowest 25OHD level decreases in PWS adults. The presence of trained nutritionists in the integrated care teams of PWS adults is strongly suggested in order to provide an accurate nutritional assessment and tailored vitamin D supplementations.

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“…A wide variety of studies have revealed that dairy products bring a positive impact for many pathologies like obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and cancer. Furthermore, the consumption of dairy foods enhances bone health [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In addition to that, yogurts constitute a privileged vehicle for administration of live microorganisms known as probiotics, which have demonstrated positive health benefits for the host [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Consumer Acceptance by Means of Questionnaire Survey Towards Newly Developed Yogurts with Functional Ingredients

Guiné

2019

CNF

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Background: Presently, consumers are becoming very much aware of the benefits of allying the concepts of pleasant food with health promoting properties. Hence, the market for healthier foods, functional foods or even nutraceuticals has risen in the past decades. Objective: This work was designed to assess the consumers’ possible acceptance of newly developed yogurts with functional ingredients. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken on a non-probabilistic sample of 347 participants. The data were collected from October to December 2015 in the Central Region of Portugal. The questionnaires were applied by direct interview after verbally informed consent only to participants aged 18 or over. Results: The results obtained showed that more than 90% of the participants liked yogurts and consumed yogurts regularly (∼73%), either in the solid or liquid forms. The participants consumed functional yogurts, specifically for regulation of intestinal transit (∼46%) and for weight control (∼44%). When asked about the new yogurts with functional and detox properties, the participants indicated that they might be potential consumers of yogurts with the ability to eliminate toxins from the body (∼69%). In spite of recognizing the importance of adding ingredients with certain functionalities, like parsley, watercress or celery, the consumers manifested some doubts that those ingredients might combine well in yogurts. A regression model was deduced relating the possible consumption of detox yogurts with some behavioural aspects like physical exercise, consumption of functional foods and detox products. Conclusion: This work showed that selling yogurts with detox properties might be a good strategy because there might be a market for that type of product. However, without trying the samples and verifying the real taste of the products, the possible consumers have some doubts about the incorporation of certain ingredients, even though recognizing their roles as important.

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Influence of nutrition on somatotropic axis: Milk consumption in adult individuals with moderate-severe obesity

Cited by 51 publications

References 35 publications

Sex Differences of Vitamin D Status across BMI Classes: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study

Sex Differences of Vitamin D Status across BMI Classes: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study

The Sun’s Vitamin in Adult Patients Affected by Prader–Willi Syndrome

Study of Consumer Acceptance by Means of Questionnaire Survey Towards Newly Developed Yogurts with Functional Ingredients

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