Influence of occlusal loading on peri-implant clinical parameters. A pilot study

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the relation between occlusal loading and peri-implant clinical parameters (probing depth, bleeding on probing, gingival retraction, width of keratinized mucosa, and crevicular fluid volume) in patients with implant-supported complete fixed prostheses in both arches. Material and Methods: This clinical study took place at the University of Valencia (Spain) dental clinic. It included patients attending the clinic for regular check-ups during at least 12 months after rehabilitation of both arches with implant-supported complete fixed ceramo-metallic prostheses. One study implant and one control implant were established for each patient using the T-Scan®III computerized system (Tesco, South Boston, USA). The maxillary implant closest to the point of maximum occlusal loading was taken as the study implant and the farthest (with least loading) as the control. Occlusal forces were registered with the T-Scan® III and then occlusal adjustment was performed to distribute occlusal forces correctly. Peri-implant clinical parameters were analyzed in both implants before and two and twelve months after occlusal adjustment. Results: Before occlusal adjustment, study group implants presented a higher mean volume of crevicular fluid (51.3±7.4 UP) than the control group (25.8±5.5 UP), with statistically significant difference. Two months after occlusal adjustment, there were no significant differences between groups (24.6±3.8 UP and 26±4.5 UP respectively) (p=0.977). After twelve months, no significant differences were found between groups (24.4±11.1 UP and 22.5±8.9 UP respectively) (p=0.323). For the other clinical parameters, no significant differences were identified between study and control implants at any of the study times (p>0.05). Conclusions: Study group implants receiving higher occlusal loading presented significantly higher volumes of crevicular fluid than control implants. Crevicular fluid volumes were similar in both groups two and twelve months after occlusal adjustment. Key words:Occlusal loading, crevicular fluid, peri-implant clinical parameters, T-Scan®.

Bone stability around dental implants: Treatment related factors

“…Other studies (Heitz-Mayfield et al, 2004;Kozlovsky et al, 2007) have observed that excessive occlusal loading was created in the antagonist arch using one-piece crowns (Pellicer-Chover et al, 2014).…”

“…In this review, no definitive conclusion could be established in terms of the most effective loading method (Cannizzaro et al, 2010;Margossian et al, 2012;Sanz-Sánchez et al, 2014;Vogl et al, 2013). Pellicer-Chover et al (2014) investigated the relationship between occlusal loading and peri-implant clinical parameters (probing depth, bleeding on probing, gingival retraction, width of keratinised mucosa, and crevicular fluid volume) in patients with implant-supported complete fixed prostheses in both arches. They concluded that the maxillary implant closest to the point of highest occlusal loading presented significantly higher volumes of crevicular fluid compared to the maxillary implant with the least loading that was furthest from the study implant.…”

Influence of occlusal loading on peri-implant inflammatory cytokines in crevicular fluid: a prospective longitudinal study

“…So the occlusal adjustment was performed at a subclinical level (the patient did not feel any difference after the adjustment). The analysis of the changes in the cytokine expression is a subclinical parameter and is a complementary analysis to the changes in the PICF volume that we published before [ 13 ]. This subclinical level (there is no pathology) might be the reason why, before occlusal adjustment, some cytokines are highly expressed in the test implants while some others presented higher values in the control implants.…”

“…In a previous human study [ 13 ], our group found that implants receiving higher occlusal loading presented significantly higher PICF volumes than implants with less occlusal loading. Two and 12 months after occlusal adjustment, PICF volumes were similar in both groups.…”

“…This article is the second part of a prospective clinical study that took place at the Oral Surgery Unit at Valencia University [ 13 ] with a 12-month follow-up. Fifteen patients, who had been rehabilitated with ceramo-metallic complete fixed prostheses, supported by 8 Phibo TSA® implants (Phibo Dental Solutions®, Impladent, Senmenat, Barcelona, Spain) in the upper maxillary and 6 in the mandible were selected.…”