Influence of octopamine or trehalase activity in muscle and hemolymph of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana L.

Jahagirdar, A.P.; Downer, Roger; Viswanatha, T.

doi:10.1016/0304-4165(84)90065-5

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…OAergic system in the brain of social insects associate with nest-mate recognition (honeybee: (Robinson et al, 1999); fire ant: (Vander Meer et al, 2008)). It is also demonstrated that OA functions to generate energy for muscle activity via activation of trehalase (Candy, 1978) (Jahagirdar et al, 1984) (Vaandrager et al, 1988) (Orchard et al, 1993). During predator-prey encounters, the trap-jaw ant expresses defensive or threatening posture that is opening the mandible and antennae boxing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonergic control in initiating defensive responses to unexpected tactile stimuli in the trap-jaw antOdontomachus kuroiwae

Aonuma

2020

Preprint

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A decision to express a defensive response or an escape response to a potential threat is crucial for insects to survive. This study investigated an aminergic mechanism underlying defensive responses to unexpected touch in an ant that has powerful mandibles, the so-called trap-jaw. The mandibles close extremely quickly and are used as a weapon during hunting. Tactile stimulation to the abdomen elicited quick forward movements in a “dart escape” in 90% of the ants in a colony. Less than 10% of the ants responded with a quick “defensive turn” towards the source of stimulation. To reveal the neuronal control mechanisms underlying this defensive behavior, the effects of brain biogenic amines on the responses to tactile stimulus were investigated. The levels of octopamine (OA), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5HT) in the brain were significantly elevated in ants that responded with a defensive turn to the unexpected stimulus compared to ants that responded with a dart escape. Oral administration of DA and 5HT demonstrated that both amines contributed to the initiation of a defensive response to the stimulus. Oral administration of L-DOPA weakly affected the initiation of the defensive turn, while 5HTP strongly affected the initiation of defensive behavior. Oral administration of an antagonist of 5HT, ketanserin, abolished the effect of 5HTP. These results indicate that endogenous 5HT in the brain has a key role to play in modulating the initiation of defensive behavior in the trap-jaw ant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonergic control in initiating defensive responses to unexpected tactile stimuli in the trap-jaw antOdontomachus kuroiwae

Aonuma

2020

Preprint

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“…Although it makes some sense that these enzymes might be modulated after injury, we would not have predicted that these enzymes would be down‐regulated. Many of these enzymes are known to be components of haemolymph (Jahagirdar et al ., 1984; Adamo, 2004; Schmid‐Hempel, 2005), although not necessarily neuronal tissue, so it is not clear why they were identified through this neuronal screen. The prothoracic ganglion is, of course, surrounded by haemolymph, and one possibility is that some of these enzyme candidates represent contaminants that were somehow processed along with the ganglia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential gene expression during compensatory sprouting of dendrites in the auditory system of the cricketGryllus bimaculatus

Horch

McCarthy

Johansen

et al. 2009

Insect Molecular Biology

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Neurons that lose their pre-synaptic partners due to injury usually retract or die. However, when the auditory interneurons of the cricket are denervated, dendrites respond by growing across the midline and forming novel synapses with the opposite auditory afferents. Suppression subtractive hybridization was used to detect transcriptional changes three days after denervation. This is a stage at which we demonstrate robust compensatory dendritic sprouting. While 49 unique candidates were downregulated, no sufficiently upregulated candidates were identified at this time point. Several candidates identified in this study are known to influence the translation and degradation of proteins in other systems. The potential role of these factors in the compensatory sprouting of cricket auditory interneurons in response to denervation is discussed.

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“…Samples for trehalose-6-phosphate analyses were prepared by homogenizing larvae in 0.5 ml of Tris-HCl (0.1 M, pH 7.0) and centrifuging at 13,000 ϫ g for 15 min at 4ЊC (Friedman 1960). Trehalase was examined using homogenates prepared in 1 ml of 100 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 6.3, and subsequently centrifuged at 300 ϫ g for 10 min at 4ЊC (Jahagirdar et al 1984). Samples were either stored on ice (Յ30 min) for use in enzyme assays, or frozen at Ϫ20ЊC for subsequent determination of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reaction mixtures consisted of 0.25 ml 28 mM trehalose and 0.75 ml of sample. The reactions were stopped after incubation for 1 h at 30ЊC (Jahagirdar et al 1984) by transferring 0.1 ml of each reaction mixture to 0.9 ml of 80% (vol:vol) ethanol. The glucose liberated from trehalose was determined using o-toluidine (6% (vol:vol) in acetic acid) (Arslan et al 1986).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects ofPlagiorchis elegans(Trematoda: Plagiorchiidae) Infection on the Carbohydrate Metabolism of Fourth InstarAedes aegypti(Diptera: Culicidae)

2001

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Infection of fourth-instar Aedes aegypti (L.) with the entomopathogenic digenean Plagiorchis elegans (Rudolphi) alters the carbohydrate metabolism of the insect. Within 24 h of cercarial penetration, total body extracts of infected fourth instars exhibited decreased trehalase activity, increased trehalose-6-phosphatase activity, and a concomitant accumulation of trehalose when compared with uninfected larvae. The amounts of glucose, glycogen and lipids, and the activity of glycogen phosphorylase a were similar in extracts of infected and control larvae. The predominant fatty acids, in both control and infected larvae, were C 18:0, C 18:1, and C 18:3. There were no significant differences in the types or proportions of fatty acids found in control and infected larvae. Parasitic infection is discussed in terms of impaired trehalose metabolism.

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Influence of octopamine or trehalase activity in muscle and hemolymph of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana L.

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

Serotonergic control in initiating defensive responses to unexpected tactile stimuli in the trap-jaw antOdontomachus kuroiwae

Serotonergic control in initiating defensive responses to unexpected tactile stimuli in the trap-jaw antOdontomachus kuroiwae

Differential gene expression during compensatory sprouting of dendrites in the auditory system of the cricketGryllus bimaculatus

Effects ofPlagiorchis elegans(Trematoda: Plagiorchiidae) Infection on the Carbohydrate Metabolism of Fourth InstarAedes aegypti(Diptera: Culicidae)

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