Influence of Operation Numbers on Arc Erosion of Ag/CdO Electrical Contact Materials

This study analyzes the recovery voltage changes when a low-voltage circuit breaker opens with load and short-circuit faults and explains the reignition types under different recovery voltages. Reignition probability models of a single-pole contact and three-pole contact under different reignition types are established. The variation law of the contact erosion amount with the arc starting phase angle is analyzed. The distribution characteristics of the electrical life under three reignition types are obtained by simulating the low-voltage circuit breaker electrical life with a random arc starting phase angle. The results show that the electrical life of contacts obviously decreases after reignition, and that the electrical life changes differently with different reignition types. Specifically, the electrical life of a single-pole contact and three-pole contact is reduced by different degrees for the same reignition type. Hence, the influence of reignition on the electrical life distribution characteristics of a low-voltage circuit breaker cannot be ignored. INDEX TERMSElectrical life distribution, low-voltage circuit breaker, recovery voltage, reignition probability model.

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“…When the contact fails, the remaining relative electrical life is 0. The relationship between q * and life number N is shown as equation (16).…”

Section: Electrical Life Test Of the Low-voltage Circuit Breakermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model is verified by high-speed cameras. In [16], some arc erosion characteristic parameters of the contact surface are explored, such as macromorphology, micromorphology, and microstructure, with a 3-D profiler and scanning electron microscope. The arc formation and erosion mechanism of the Ag/CdO contact material are discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Influence of Reignition on Electrical Life Distribution of Low-Voltage Circuit Breakers

2021

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“…For the La 2 NiO 4 /Cu composite, it claimed that the addition of La 2 NiO 4 leaded to a serious mass loss in contrast to the pure Cu due to the self-cleaning functions [ 23 ]. As a result, the Ag/CdO and Cu/CdO contact materials remain used in aerospace industries, and even in domestic applications [ 25 ]. Thus, achieving highly reliable non-previous metal composites subjected to arc erosion in air is always full of challenge and significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Fabrication and Static Contact Resistance of CdMoO4 Reinforced Cu Matrix Composites

Zhang²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

Materials

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Particle-reinforced Cu-based electrical contact materials prepared by traditional powder metallurgical methods suffer the same critical problem, where the agglomeration of the addition phases in the Cu matrix significantly deteriorates the performance of the composites and restricts their application. In this work, CdMoO4/Cu matrix composites were fabricated by an in situ method and followed by a powder metallurgical process. Firstly, CdMoO4/particles formed a nucleus and grew up based on the surfaces of Cu particles, realizing the controllable in situ synthesis of mixed powders with homogeneously dispersed CdMoO4 nanoparticles via a one-step reaction. Secondly, the bulk CdMoO4/Cu composites were fabricated by pressing and sintering and then densified by hot-extrusion and cold rolling processes. The microstructures and properties of the extruded and rolled specimens were characterized, respectively. The results indicated that the rolled CdMoO4/Cu composite exhibited excellent comprehensive properties of electrical conductivity and mechanical properties for electrical contact materials. Moreover, the effects of the contact force on the static contact resistance of the extruded and rolled composites were evaluated in the closed state of the contact materials. It was found that the rolled CdMoO4/Cu contact materials possessed a stable electrical contact characteristic with low and steady contact resistance. This work designed ternary CdMoO4 particles to reinforce Cu-based composites with well-balanced performances by an in situ synthesis method and this strategy can be extended to the design of ternary oxide/metal composites utilized as electrical contact materials.

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“…Breaking speed, opening distance, arc extinguishing mode, and arc extinguishing medium are examples of equipment parameters. Additionally, [28] investigates the effect of operation frequencies on arc erosion behavior. The surface morphology, microstructure, and element distribution of the Ag/CdO contact are described utilizing scanning electron microscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Life Assessment of the Low-Voltage Circuit Breaker (LVCB) Considering Arc Voltage

Liu

Wang

2022

Energies

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The low-voltage circuit breaker (LVCB) is commonly utilized in the distribution network. An accurate evaluation of its electrical life is related to the safety and reliability of electric energy output. The traditional arc erosion model only considers the effect of current on contact wear while ignoring the impact of operation conditions (supply voltage and power factor) on electrical life. As a result of the arc voltage, the original circuit topology changes, resulting in an early current zero. At 220–660 V AC supply voltages, arc voltage causes the distortion of the breaking current waveform, and the contact erosion amount (CEA) is smaller than that in the ideal case. This work investigates the effect of arc voltage on breaking current, develops an arc erosion model that includes arc voltage, and compares the CEA curves for various supply voltages and power factors. The electrical life of the LVCB is then simulated using the Monte Carlo approach to determine the distribution of electrical life under various operating situations. The results reveal that the LVCB’s electrical life diminishes as the supply voltage increases under the same power factor; it first declines and then increases as the power factor grows under the same supply voltage. For the combination of two parameters (220 V, 0.95) and (660 V, 0.65), the electrical life difference of the LVCB can reach 21.4%. The method solves the low accuracy problem of the LVCB life assessment under different operation conditions. It improves the efficiency of overhaul and maintenance on the LVCB in power distribution systems.

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Influence of Operation Numbers on Arc Erosion of Ag/CdO Electrical Contact Materials

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

Study on the Influence of Reignition on Electrical Life Distribution of Low-Voltage Circuit Breakers

Study on the Influence of Reignition on Electrical Life Distribution of Low-Voltage Circuit Breakers

In Situ Fabrication and Static Contact Resistance of CdMoO4 Reinforced Cu Matrix Composites

Electrical Life Assessment of the Low-Voltage Circuit Breaker (LVCB) Considering Arc Voltage

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