2021
DOI: 10.3390/pr9061065
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Influence of Orchard Cultural Practices during the Productive Process of Cherries through Life Cycle Assessment

Abstract: This study describes the influence of orchard cultural practices during the productive process of cherries on the environmental impact in terms of energy, air, soil and water through a “farm to market” Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The results were used to identify the orchard cultural practices that contribute significantly to the environmental impact and to find solutions to reduce those impacts, serving as best practices guide to improving the environmental performance and as benchmarks for other national an… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…The validity of LCA findings frequently depends on the referenced database because open source is free. Because the user must manually enter the data into the database, there is no convenience [48,49]. Moreover, the time-consuming calculation makes the software correspondingly slow compared to SimaPro.…”
Section: Lca Toolsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The validity of LCA findings frequently depends on the referenced database because open source is free. Because the user must manually enter the data into the database, there is no convenience [48,49]. Moreover, the time-consuming calculation makes the software correspondingly slow compared to SimaPro.…”
Section: Lca Toolsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The range of contribution is large for these environmental impacts and different fungicides are applied. For instance, contribution to terrestrial ecotoxicity increased from 8% to 96% for grape production in South Africa [32] and cherry production in Portugal [44] due to an order of magnitude difference in fungicide dosage during cultivation and the fact that fungicides are grouped with insecticides (in the life cycle interpretation stage), respectively. Furthermore, Beauchet et al [45] presented a 40% contribution to terrestrial ecotoxicity and a 60% contribution to freshwater ecotoxicity and freshwater eutrophication in grape production in France, but these authors only mentioned that they considered a synthetic fungicide and grouped it with insecticides.…”
Section: Fungicides Contribution To Environmental Impactsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast, large quantities of applied fungicides (i.e., Fosetyl-Al and Imazalil) in orange production in Spain resulted in a 90% contribution to freshwater ecotoxicity [11]. Applied fungicides in fruit production contribute to a small extent to climate change [32,[44][45][46][47][48], terrestrial acidification [32,44,45,47,48], and human toxicity [11,[46][47][48] due to low characterization factors of fungicides for these impacts and other contributing environmental releases. Finally, the only distinction between systemic and contact fungicides can be observed for the contact fungicide mancozeb, which is a key contributor to freshwater ecotoxicity and freshwater eutrophication based on [11,32].…”
Section: Fungicides Contribution To Environmental Impactsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Energy efficiency is one of the most critical issues in sustainable agricultural development [16,17]. Methods can be applied to evaluate environmental impacts and energy expenditure to foster the adoption of more sustainable strategies [18][19][20][21]. These requirements mean considerable expenditure of energy and resources [22].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%