Influence of Orthodontic Anchor Screw Anchorage Method on the Stability of Artificial Bone: An In Vitro Study

Kang, Seen-Young; Yu, Jimin; Hyoungsik, Kim; Lee, Jung Hoon; Yeon, Chan-Mi; Park, Ki‐Sook; Choi, Sung‐Hwan; Lee, Seung-Youl

doi:10.3390/ma13143205

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Cortical bone quality is one of the main factors influencing primary stability, and should thus be calculated [ 1 , 12 , 15 ]. Cortical bone density varies among different vertical skeletal facial profiles, as well as in different locations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Stability of Orthodontic Titanium Miniscrews due to Cortical Bone Density and Re-Insertion

et al. 2020

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The increasing demand for orthodontic treatment over recent years has led to a growing need for the retrieval and reuse of titanium-based miniscrews to reduce the cost of treatment, especially in patients with early treatment failure due to insufficient primary stability. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate differences in the primary stability between initially inserted and re-inserted miniscrews within different cortical bone densities. Artificial bone was used to simulate cortical bone of different densities, namely 20, 30, 40, and 50 pound per cubic foot (pcf), where primary stability was evaluated based on maximum insertion torque (MIT), maximum removal torque (MRT), horizontal resistance, and micromotion. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate morphological changes in the retrieved miniscrews. The MIT, MRT, horizontal resistance, and micromotion was better in samples with higher cortical bone density, thereby indicating better primary stability (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a significant reduction of MIT, MRT, and horizontal resistance was observed during re-insertion compared with the initial insertion, especially in the higher density cortical bone groups. However, there was no significant change in micromotion. While higher cortical bone density led to better primary stability, it also caused more abrasion to the miniscrews, thereby decreasing the primary stability during re-insertion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Stability of Orthodontic Titanium Miniscrews due to Cortical Bone Density and Re-Insertion

et al. 2020

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“…During attempts to evaluate cortical bone microdamage around the orthodontic miniscrew and primary stability of the miniscrew, two distinct approaches have been employed. Many studies have attempted animal experiments [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], whereas several others carried out dry bench tests [ 15 , 16 ]. Each research method involves inherent limitations in mimicking the clinical situation; however, ethical aspects arise as serious issues in the former approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Cortical Bone Microdamage and Primary Stability of Orthodontic Miniscrew Using a Human Bone Analogue

et al. 2021

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Orthodontic miniscrews have gained popularity; however, they have some drawbacks, including screw loosening that results from bone resorption caused by excess microdamage created during screw insertion. Pilot hole preparation through the cortical bone is considered beneficial to avoid such microdamage, while an overly large pilot hole impairs primary stability. Hence, we used a human bone analogue to evaluate the microdamage and primary stability to estimate the optimal pilot hole size that would minimize the screw loosening risk. Ti6Al4V orthodontic miniscrews and 1.0-mm-thick synthetic cortical bone pieces were prepared. Various compressive loads were applied in indentation tests to test pieces’ surfaces, and the microdamaged areas were confirmed as stress-whitening zones. Screw insertion tests were performed in which a miniscrew was inserted into the test pieces’ pilot hole with a diameter of 0.7–1.2 mm in 0.1-mm intervals, and the stress-whitening area was measured. The insertion and removal torque were also measured to evaluate primary stability. The stress-whitening areas of the 1.0–1.2 mm pilot hole diameter groups were significantly smaller than those of the other groups (p < 0.05), whereas the 0.9 and 1.0 mm pilot hole diameter groups showed higher primary stability than other groups. In conclusion, the bone analogue could be utilized to evaluate microdamage in cortical bones and the primary stability of miniscrews.

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“…Torque testing was conducted according to a previously reported procedure [ 18 , 20 ]. The artificial bone was fixed with a metal clamp, and the miniscrews ( n = 6) were implanted in a clockwise manner using an automatic torque device (Admet eXpert8600, ADMET, Norwood, MA, USA) with a self-drilling system at 5 rpm according to ASTM F-1839-08.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Intrabony Length and Cortical Bone Density on the Primary Stability of Orthodontic Miniscrews

et al. 2020

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Miniscrews have gained recent popularity as temporary anchorage devices in orthodontic treatments, where failure due to sinus perforations or damage to the neighboring roots have increased. Issues regarding miniscrews in insufficient interradicular space must also be resolved. This study aimed to evaluate the primary stability of miniscrews shorter than 6 mm and their feasibility in artificial bone with densities of 30, 40, and 50 pounds per cubic foot (pcf). The primary stability was evaluated by adjusting the intrabony miniscrew length, based on several physical properties: maximum insertion torque (MIT), maximum removal torque (MRT), removal angular momentum (RAM), horizontal resistance, and micromotion. The MIT and micromotion results demonstrated that the intrabony length of a miniscrew significantly affected its stability in low-density cortical bone, unlike cases with a higher cortical bone density (p < 0.05). The horizontal resistance, MRT, and RAM were affected by the intrabony length, regardless of the bone density (p < 0.05). Thus, the primary stability of miniscrews was affected by both the cortical bone density and intrabony length. The effect of the intrabony length was more significant in low-density cortical bone, where the implantation depth increased as more energy was required to remove the miniscrew. This facilitated higher resistance and a lower risk of falling out.

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Influence of Orthodontic Anchor Screw Anchorage Method on the Stability of Artificial Bone: An In Vitro Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Primary Stability of Orthodontic Titanium Miniscrews due to Cortical Bone Density and Re-Insertion

Primary Stability of Orthodontic Titanium Miniscrews due to Cortical Bone Density and Re-Insertion

Evaluation of Cortical Bone Microdamage and Primary Stability of Orthodontic Miniscrew Using a Human Bone Analogue

Effects of Intrabony Length and Cortical Bone Density on the Primary Stability of Orthodontic Miniscrews

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