Influence of ovarian hormones on urogenital infection

Sonnex, C

doi:10.1136/sti.74.1.11

Cited by 105 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 170 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…Apparently, the level of colonization of genital mycoplasmas is highly affected by fluctuation of estrogen and progesterone hormones (19). In addition, within this range; more sexual activity, desired condition of urogenital tract mucosa and utilization of contraceptive pills cause higher level of colonization of mycoplasmas in comparison with those of non-sexually active adults (11,20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in Females With Urogenital Infections and Habitual Abortion History in Ahvaz, Iran; Using Multiplex PCR

Maleki

Motamedi

Moosavian

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Infections due to Mycoplasmatales members can cause infertility, preterm delivery and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, rapid diagnosis is of great importance to control these infections and diminish their outcomes. Objectives: The current study aimed to develop the multiplex PCR assay to detect two genital mollicutes from a single amplification reaction and the study of their relation with habitual abortion and urogenital infection in infected females. Materials and Methods: Urine and genital samples from symptomatic females (20-54 years old) in Imam Khomeini hospital, Ahvaz, Iran, were screened for the two common mollicutes, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum; using multiplex PCR. The prevalence of these mollicutes in 200 healthy females was also evaluated. Results:The results of the current study showed that the presence of M. hominis in urine (P = 0.006) and genital samples (P = 0.01) was associated with urogenital infections. Statistical analysis based on the age, revealed that the highest prevalence of M. hominis (71.4%) and U. urealyticum (60%) were in females within 30-34 and 35-39 years old, respectively. Similarly, in genital samples, the highest incidence of M. hominis (54.5%) and U. urealyticum (53.8%) was found in females within 28-33 and 34-39 years old. Interestingly, further analyses revealed direct strong relation between the mollicutes used in this study and habitual abortion as well as urogenital infections. Conclusions: There was a strong relation between the presence of the studied M. hominis and U. urealyticum with urogenital infection in the females under study in comparison with those of control groups. The studied mollicutes were highly associated with habitual abortion in symptomatic females. The multiplex PCR was developed for simultaneous, early, and easy detection of these potential pathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in Females With Urogenital Infections and Habitual Abortion History in Ahvaz, Iran; Using Multiplex PCR

Maleki

Motamedi

Moosavian

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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“…Endogenous opioids are among the first signals to be released by mammalian tissues under stress, and it is noteworthy that P. aeruginosa responds to the opioid dynorphin with significantly increased infectivity [55]. A number of studies have demonstrated the importance of ovarian hormones on the pathogenicity of micro-organisms involved in urinogenital infections [56][57][58]. Yeast can respond to, and bind, steroid hormones [56], while oestrogen can significantly enhance Candida infectivity, inducing the morphological switch from yeast to the invasive hyphal form [57].…”

Section: Microbial Interactions With Other Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Endocrinology

Sharaff

Freestone

2011

Open Life Sciences

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Microbial Endocrinology is a new microbiology research discipline that represents the intersection of microbiology and endocrinology with neurophysiology. It has as its main tenet that through their long co-existence with animals and plants, micro-organisms have evolved sensory systems for detecting host-associated hormones. These sensing systems allow the microbe to determine that they are within proximity of a suitable host, and that is time to initiate expression of genes involved in host colonisation. Microbial Endocrinology therefore provides a new paradigm with which to examine and understand the interactions of micro-organisms with their host under conditions present in both health and disease. This article will focus on microbial interactions with the fight and flight family of catecholamine stress hormones.

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“…3). Each of these distinct microbial milieu are likely to have a compartmentalized innate immune response that shows temporal changes in their expression of innate immune molecules in response to oestrogen and progesterone (Sonnex 1998, Pioli et al 2004. The vagina and ectocervix harbour a variety of commensal bacteria and are subject to secondary contamination as a result of their proximity to the rectum (Quayle 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immunity and disorders of the female reproductive tract

Horne¹,

Stock²,

King³

2008

Reproduction

138

129

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Sexually transmitted infections, and their associated sequelae, such as tubal infertility, ectopic pregnancy and preterm labour, are a major worldwide health problem. Chlamydia trachomatis infection is thought to be the leading global cause of tubal infertility and tubal ectopic pregnancy. Preterm birth occurs in around 10% of all deliveries, and nearly 30% of preterm deliveries are associated with intrauterine infection. The mucosal innate immune system of the female reproductive tract has evolved to eliminate such sexually transmitted pathogens whilst maintaining its ability to accommodate specialized physiological functions that include menstruation, fertilization, implantation, pregnancy and parturition. The aim of this review was to describe the role and distribution of key mediators of the innate immune system, the natural antimicrobial peptides (secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, elafin and the defensins) and the pattern recognition toll-like receptors in the normal female reproductive tract and in the context of these pathological processes.

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Influence of ovarian hormones on urogenital infection

Cited by 105 publications

References 170 publications

Frequency of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in Females With Urogenital Infections and Habitual Abortion History in Ahvaz, Iran; Using Multiplex PCR

Frequency of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum in Females With Urogenital Infections and Habitual Abortion History in Ahvaz, Iran; Using Multiplex PCR

Microbial Endocrinology

Innate immunity and disorders of the female reproductive tract

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