Influence of Oxygen Uptake and Age of Culture on Sporulation of Bacillus Anthracis and Bacillus Globigii

Targeting proteins to the cell wall of sporulating Bacillus anthracis

“…Spore formation in large animals, cows or sheep, however, requires cadaver opening and exposure of infected tissues to air (Koch, 1876). These observations are consistent with the general hypothesis, initially derived from bacterial growth studies in laboratory media, whereby B. anthracis sporulation occurs only in the presence of oxygen (Roth et al, 1955).…”

“…Spore formation in large animals, cows or sheep, however, requires opening of cadavers and exposure of infected tissues to air (Koch, 1876). These and other observations support a general hypothesis, whereby B. anthracis sporulation occurs only in the presence of oxygen (Roth et al, 1955). We wondered whether the sporulation defect of srtC mutants can be rescued by exposure of bacilli to air and measured vegetative growth and spore formation in sheep blood cultures with rotation.…”

“…Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, is a spore-forming, Gram-positive microbe that requires oxygen for vegetative growth and spore formation (Roth et al, 1955;Koch, 1876). Upon entry into host tissues, spores, the infectious form of B. anthracis, germinate within phagocytes and the resulting vegetative forms then replicate in the cytosol of immune cells (Koch, 1876;Ruthel et al, 2004;Hu et al, 2006;Ribot et al, 2006).…”

Aeration of Bacillus anthracis in Submerged Fermentation

“…and Johnson (1953) analyzed the exhaust gas of a continuous yeast fermentation for carbon dioxide and calculated oxygen uptake from these and other data. Roth et al (1955) reported oxygen absorption data on sulfite solutions on a reciprocal shaker. They found that cultures of B. anthracis and Bacillus globigii (Bacillus subtilis morphotype globigii) aerated at sulfite values of 0.7 to 1.0 mg moles of oxygen per L per min completely sporulated in 24 hr.…”

Metabolism during the growth and sporulation of Bacillus cereus var mycoides

“…Growth in glucose by most species of Bacillus can certainly occur anaerobically provided that hydrogen acceptors are present or can be synthesized. Since the oxygen requirement for sporula tion is generally considerably higher than that for growth (Roth et al, 1955) it could indeed be that growth occurs anaerobically among all spore formers, while sporulation in these same organisms demands increased oxygen requirements. As yet, no conclusive evidence to the contrary has been reported.…”