Influence of partial replacement of soya bean meal by faba beans or peas in heavy pigs diet on meat quality, residual anti-nutritional factors and phytoestrogen content

Abstract

The study evaluated the partial substitution of soybean meal by faba beans (18%) or peas (20%) as additional protein sources in diets destined for typical Italian heavy pig production. It compared animal performances, meat quality, the presence of residual anti-nutritional factors (ANF) and phytoestrogens in plasma and meat and the possible effects on pig health, by evaluating oxidative, inflammatory and pro-atherogenic markers. The results showed that the productive performances, expressed as body weight and feed conversion ratio, of pigs fed with faba bean and pea diets were similar to those of pigs fed only the soybean meal. Meat quality of pigs fed with the three diets was similar in colour, water-holding capacity, tenderness and chemical composition. Despite the higher levels of phytoestrogen in the plasma of pigs fed only the soybean meal, phytoestrogen concentration in the muscle was equivalent to that of animals fed diets with faba beans, whereas pigs fed a diet with peas showed a lower concentration. Inflammation and pro-atherogenic parameters did not show significant differences among the three diets. Overall, the partial substitution of soybean meal by faba beans appears more interesting than with peas, particularly in relation to the higher amount of polyphenols in the diet and the highest concentration of phytoestrogens found in the plasma and muscle of animals, while the pyrimidine anti-nutritional compounds present in the diet did not appear to accumulate and had no effect on the growth performance of animals.

Potential of Fava Bean as Future Protein Supply to Partially Replace Meat Intake in the Human Diet

“…However, recent studies, aiming to decrease the reliance on soybean meal in pig diet, offer interesting causes for reflection. Fava bean as an alternative rich protein feed reduces the indole concentration in the back fat of both grower and finisher pigs (Smith and others ) and leads to a high amount of phytoestrogens in the plasma and muscle of the animals (Gatta and others ).…”

Meat quality in pigs fed mixtures with low-tannin faba bean

“…Moreover, the previous research by Gatta et al (2013), as well as Milczarek and Osek (2014b, 2016), did not show the influence of faba bean in animal mixtures on the nutrient content. The intramuscular fat content in the tested muscles was 1.35-1.67% and it can be admitted to be a recommended level, since the fat content lower than 1% decreased gustatory values of meat (Schwörer et al 2000).…”

“…Low-tannin varieties of faba bean give an opportunity to apply them more widely in pig feeding (Jezierny et al 2010, Milczarek andOsek 2016). Every change in the composition of feed mixtures for fattener pigs can influence both productive indices and meat quality, including its dietary and gustatory values (Gatta et al 2013, Milczarek and Osek 2014b, Milczarek and Osek 2016. The previous studies (Zijlstra et al 2008, Smith et al 2013, Hanczakowska and Świątkiewicz 2014, Milczarek and Osek 2016 did not lead to the unambiguous conclusion that low-tannin faba bean had positive effect on the parameters mentioned above and did not answer the question what the optimal level of the feed can be applied in mixtures.…”

Chemische en fysische gevaren in de Nederlandse diervoederketen

“…ANF zijn stoffen die een negatief effect hebben op de vertering in het maag-darmstelsel. Soja en lupine worden vaak gebruikt in mengvoeders voor landbouwhuisdieren en vissen nadat ze een behandeling ondergaan hebben om ANF-gehalten te verlagen (Gatta et al, 2013;Lim et al, 2010;Werneck de Carvalho et al, 2013).…”