Influence of Perceived Femininity, Masculinity, Race/Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status on Intimate Partner Violence Among Sexual-Minority Women

Steele, Sarah M.; Everett, Bethany G.; Hughes, Tonda L.

doi:10.1177/0886260516683176

Cited by 41 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…It was also found that participants with a low economic status and high education levels were often both victims and perpetrators of sexual violence in intimate relationships. These findings suggest that power imbalance has an impact on the prevalence and frequency of IPV (Milletich et al, 2014; Steele et al, 2020). Previous studies have reported that individuals with feelings of inadequacy engage in violence to gain power (McKenry et al, 2006; Rohrbaugh, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The limited number of studies investigating IPV in same-sex relationships have focused on IPV in lesbian and bisexual women. Assumptions that women do not commit physical violence, that physical violence against men is not possible, and that this type of violence is more easily managed in same-sex relationships than heterosexual relationships have reduced the importance of same-sex IPV (Renzetti, 1992; Steele, Everett, & Hughes, 2020; Whitton, Dyar, Mustanski, & Newcomb, 2019). Furthermore, unlike most heterosexual women, women who are members of sexual minority groups face many additional stressors due to the stigma related to their sexuality and sexual orientation in a society that does not approve of their relationships (Balsam & Szymanski, 2005; Fingerhut, Peplau, & Ghavami, 2005; Brown, 2008; Messinger, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experiences of Minority Stress and Intimate Partner Violence Among Homosexual Women in Turkey

Balik

Bilgin

2019

J Interpers Violence

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been recognized as an important public health problem over the past two decades, and increased attention to violence in intimate relationships has been given to heterosexual couples. Although the vast majority of literature has determined the rate of IPV among lesbian, gay, bisexual couples, and relationship quality, few studies investigated how stress specific to living as a lesbian or bisexual woman might correlate with IPV in these relationships. For this reason, the purpose of this descriptive study was to determine the experiences of minority stress and IPV among homosexual women ( n = 149) in Turkey. Data were collected using convenience and snowball sampling. Participants completed an interviewer-administered survey. Results indicated that victimization and perpetration of all the forms of IPV occur but the most prevalent was perpetration (66.4%) and victimization (63.1%) of psychological violence. The mean score of participants’ total level of outness was found 4.78 ± 2.15 (0-10). Most participants (74.5%) reported being often exposed to discrimination in the public area and reported moderate level of internalized homophobia (2.72 ± 0.87). Participants’ level of outness associated with psychological (Victimization r = .319, p = .00; Perpetration r = .421, p = .00), physical (Victimization r = .184, p = .025; Perpetration r = .209, p = .010), and sexual (Victimization r = .263, p = .001; Perpetration r = .372, p = .00) violence perpetration and victimization. It is also founded that there was relation between internalized homophobia level and sexual violence perpetration ( r = .164, p = .045)/victimization ( r = .189, p = .021). These findings demonstrate a need for health care staff to be aware of the prevalence of IPV and minority stress that affected this population. Mental health of homosexual individuals is under the risk due to minority stress and IPV experiences. Furthermore, this finding illustrated that need for additional empirical research improved interpersonal relationship among these women. Also, policies need to be developed to reduce the minority stress experienced by these individuals and provide integration with the society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of Minority Stress and Intimate Partner Violence Among Homosexual Women in Turkey

Balik

Bilgin

2019

J Interpers Violence

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“…Further, in this study, we used two singleitem measures of perceived masculinity and femininity which likely do not capture the multifaceted nature of gender expression. Single-items measures, however, have been used in other studies (Martin-Storey & August, 2016;Steele, Everett, & Hughes, 2017). The broad nature of the survey questions may actually be beneficial as femininity and masculinity may mean different things to SMW of differing races/ethnicities (Harris & Crocker, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender, Race, and Minority Stress Among Sexual Minority Women: An Intersectional Approach

et al. 2019

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Previous research examining the relationship between gender-role presentation and minority stress has largely focused on the negative effects of gender nonconformity. Some research suggests, however, that gender-role nonconformity may be protective against minority stress via participation in sexual minority in-group norms, which may include rejecting traditional genderrole norms and gender presentation. Historically, the meaning and value of masculinity and femininity within sexual minority communities has varied by race/ethnicity. As such, race/ ethnicity may moderate the links between gender and minority stressors. This study used a diverse sample of sexual minority women (SMW) (N = 612) and separate indicators of masculinity and femininity to examine the effects of gender role on distal (victimization and discrimination) and proximal (internalized homophobia and stigma consciousness) measures of minority stress. We used multivariate generalized linear models to determine whether the effects of masculinity and femininity on the minority stress outcomes were moderated by race/ethnicity. We found that in many cases the relationships between masculinity and femininity and minority stress varied across racial/ethnic groups, and in fact, worked in opposite directions for White SMW compared to Black and Latina SMW. For example, our results showed that masculinity was associated with lower levels of victimization, discrimination, and stigma consciousness among Black and Latina SMW, but higher levels among White SMW. Results from this study suggest that these differences have important implications for exposure to minority stress.

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“…Participants indicated their perceived femininity on a sliding scale that was anchored not at all feminine (0) and extremely feminine (100). For a similar single-item measure, see Steele, Everett, and Hughes (2017).…”

Section: Moderator Variable: Perceived Femininitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A confirmatory study of the relations between workplace sexism, sense of belonging, mental health, and job satisfaction among women in male‐dominated industries

Rubin

Паолини

Subašić

et al. 2019

J Applied Social Pyschol

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The present study investigated the mediating role of sense of belonging in the relations between workplace sexism and (a) mental health and (b) job satisfaction. Participants were 190 women from a large Australian trade union that represented mainly male‐dominated jobs. They completed an online survey that contained measures of sexism, sense of belonging in the industry, mental health, and job satisfaction. As predicted, sense of belonging mediated the associations between organizational sexism and both mental health and job satisfaction. In addition, sense of belonging mediated the association between interpersonal sexism and mental health. These results are discussed in relation to strategies for supporting women and mitigating the effects of sexism in male‐dominated workplaces. The Open Science Framework webpage for this project is at: https://osf.io/a3yqc/.

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Influence of Perceived Femininity, Masculinity, Race/Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status on Intimate Partner Violence Among Sexual-Minority Women

Cited by 41 publications

References 60 publications

Experiences of Minority Stress and Intimate Partner Violence Among Homosexual Women in Turkey

Experiences of Minority Stress and Intimate Partner Violence Among Homosexual Women in Turkey

Gender, Race, and Minority Stress Among Sexual Minority Women: An Intersectional Approach

A confirmatory study of the relations between workplace sexism, sense of belonging, mental health, and job satisfaction among women in male‐dominated industries

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