2015
DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m055780
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Influence of physiological changes in endogenous estrogen on circulating PCSK9 and LDL cholesterol

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Cited by 84 publications
(51 citation statements)
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“…In addition, the present study showed that patients with high plasma PCSK9 concentration were more likely to be female, which was consistent with previous studies [37,38]. The reason for this phenomenon may be that plasma PCSK9 levels are influenced by hormones such as estrogen [39]. Besides, we found that low PCSK9 levels were associated with the feature of smoking and drinking was inconsistent with other studies [40,41], which may need to investigate further in a large sample study.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 78%
“…In addition, the present study showed that patients with high plasma PCSK9 concentration were more likely to be female, which was consistent with previous studies [37,38]. The reason for this phenomenon may be that plasma PCSK9 levels are influenced by hormones such as estrogen [39]. Besides, we found that low PCSK9 levels were associated with the feature of smoking and drinking was inconsistent with other studies [40,41], which may need to investigate further in a large sample study.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 78%
“…Prior studies have also shown PCSK9 levels to be elevated in females vs males, in both adults and children. 14,32,34,35 Furthermore, some of these studies found associations between PCSK9 and BMI that were either stronger or only present in females. 14 Interestingly, mice also appear to manifest a sex-dependent association between PCSK9 and body weight, although in this case, the association may be more prominent in males: leptin treatment of obese mice produced similar weight loss in males and females, which was associated with a 90% decrease in plasma PCSK9 in males, but no change in plasma PCSK9 in females.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A significant increase of approximately 30% in E max between the 5th and 95th percentiles of age (37 and 75 years, respectively) was observed, again consistent with previously published findings that show older patients derive more benefit from lipid-lowering therapies [ 45 ]. The relationship of age and sex with E max values, regardless of body weight, can be also partly explained by the commonly held view that physiological changes in hormone levels, such as loss of endogenous estrogen after menopause for women, influence circulating PCSK9 levels [ 46 ]. Furthermore, results of a recent quantitative systems pharmacology modeling study led the authors to hypothesize that the difference in cholesterol metabolism observed between sexes may be explained by estrogen regulation of a potentially less functional form of PCSK9 (form X), with differing efficacy of LDL-R degradation explaining the variability of response between patients [ 47 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%