Influence of Plant Age on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Varronia curassavica Jacq. Essential Oil Produced on an Industrial Scale

Farias, Jéssica Pires; Araújo-Nobre, Alyne Rodrigues de; Sobrinho-Júnior, Enoque Pereira Costa; Alves, Michel Muálem de Moraes; Carvalho, Fernando Aécio de Amorim; Rodrigues, Klinger Antônio da França; Andrade, Ivanilza Moreira de; Filho, Francisco Artur e Silva; Moreira, Daniel C.; Lima, David Fernandes; Lucarini, Massimo; Durazzo, Alessandra; Arcanjo, Daniel Dias Rufino; Leite, José Roberto S. A.

doi:10.3390/agriculture13020373

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

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“…In one study, it was discovered that VC-202 was the most successful essential oil at eliminating Phytomonas (51) and the level of cytotoxic effect of the plants against murine macrophages increased with increase in plant age (52).…”

Section: Research Conducted On Varronia Leucocephala Reveals Thatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varronia spinescens - An Extensive Overview of Floral Strategies, Bioactive Compounds and Medicinal Uses -

Begum,

Lee

2023

J. Biotechnol Bioind.

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Introduction About 2,500 to 2,700 different species are included in the existing large taxonomy of Boraginaceae (1, 2). Four subfamilies have traditionally been recognized for the Boraginaceae family: Cordioideae, Ehretioideae, Heliotropioideae, and Boraginoideae (3). Current molecular research includes two additional subfamilies, Lennoaceae and Hydrophyllaceae inside the Boraginaceae, challenging frequently family divides. Within Cordiaceae, Varronia is proposed as a distinct genus (4). There are four natural species of Varronia on the Galápagos archipelago (5). Approximately 125 species make up the genus Varronia, which is native to the Neotropics and is categorized under the Cordiaceae family (formerly thought to be a part of the Boraginaceae family) (6) (Figure 1). Varronia was once thought to be synonymous with Cordia (7). It has been determined that the genus Varronia is the sister group of the remaining species in the genus Cordia (8). Varronia spinescens is synonymized with numerous terms, notably Cordia spinescens L and Quarena spinescens (https:// www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2014/details/species/i d/16703224). Varronia exhibits shrubs with many stems that have clearly serrated edges and craspedodromous venation, displaying the three primary forms of inflorescences: spicate, cymose, and capitate (4). Six different types of pollen are also found in Varronia (9). Several species of the Boraginaceae family, which is distributed around the world, live in xeric and seasonally dry environments in both tropical and temperate biomes (10).Varronia is monophyletic, according to phylogenetic studies,

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Section: Research Conducted On Varronia Leucocephala Reveals Thatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varronia spinescens - An Extensive Overview of Floral Strategies, Bioactive Compounds and Medicinal Uses -

Begum,

Lee

2023

J. Biotechnol Bioind.

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Chemical composition of selected aromatic plant essential oils and their antifungal efficacy against toxigenic fungi associated with maize ( Zea mays L)

Atnafu,

Abedeta,

Lemessa

et al. 2024

Cogent Food & Agriculture

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Chemical Characterization and Biological Activity of Varronia curassavica Jacq. Essential Oil (Boraginaceae) and In Silico Testing of α-Pinene

Silva,

Silva

et al. 2024

Analytica

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Multidrug-resistant bacteria have complicated the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases; their microbial resistance stems from the indiscriminate use of medications and the transfer of resistance genes. Varronia curassavica Jacq., a plant traditionally used to treat rheumatic and gastrointestinal diseases in underserved populations, has sparked interest as a potential source of antimicrobial compounds. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and antibacterial effects of V. curassavica essential oil and to evaluate its toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. The essential oil was extracted through hydrodistillation and its chemical composition was determined using GC-MS. Antibacterial tests were performed with microdilution. The results showed the presence of major compounds including α-pinene and β-caryophyllene. The essential oil did not show relevant MIC, but it enhanced the effects of the antibiotics, gentamicin, norfloxacin, and oxacillin. It exhibited no toxicity and did not affect geotaxis, even at high concentrations. The in silico analysis of α-pinene revealed low toxicity; however, its permeability to the BBB shows that caution is needed in its application. These results indicate that the essential oil of V. curassavica shows promising potential in enhancing pharmaceuticals to prevent increased bacterial resistance. In addition, it demonstrated safe aspects when tested on D. melanogaster.

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Influence of Plant Age on Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Varronia curassavica Jacq. Essential Oil Produced on an Industrial Scale

Cited by 3 publications

References 49 publications

Varronia spinescens - An Extensive Overview of Floral Strategies, Bioactive Compounds and Medicinal Uses -

Varronia spinescens - An Extensive Overview of Floral Strategies, Bioactive Compounds and Medicinal Uses -

Chemical composition of selected aromatic plant essential oils and their antifungal efficacy against toxigenic fungi associated with maize ( Zea mays L)

Chemical Characterization and Biological Activity of Varronia curassavica Jacq. Essential Oil (Boraginaceae) and In Silico Testing of α-Pinene

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