Influence of polar solvents on growth of potentially NLO active organic single crystals of N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline and their efficiency in terahertz generation

Thirupugalmani, K.; Venkatesh, M.; Karthick, S.; Maurya, K. K.; Vijayan, N.; Chaudhary, A.K.; Brahadeeswaran, S.

doi:10.1039/c7ce00228a

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Considering the two-level dispersion model for both the NLO and the electro-optic coefficient, we can estimate the highest electro-optic coefficient of BNA is r 333 = 24 pm/V at 1538 nm [100]. Although some experimental results suggest different values of the corresponding NLO and electro-optic coefficients [58,59,100], BNA crystal has been very successfully used for THz-wave generation applications, in particular in the pump wavelength regime at around 800 nm that is less optimal for high-nonlinearity red materials [101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108].…”

Section: Non-ionic Organic Nlo Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…For table-top THz sources, particularly for those aiming at high-power THz pulses that can be used for nonlinear THz photonics (see Section 5.1), conventional femtosecond Ti:Sapphire lasers, combined with high-power optical parametric amplifier systems, are most often employed. Conventional Ti:Sapphire lasers emit at the wavelength of around 800 nm and they can be directly used only for organic crystals that allow for phase matching at this wavelength, such as BNA [107,108], COANP [109] and some other recently developed organic crystals, e.g., crystals based on the 2-(4-hydroxystyryl)-1-methylquinolinium (OHQ) chromophore [168] or the 4-(4-hydroxystyryl)-1methyl-pyridinium (OHP) chromophore [167]. For highly NLO crystals such as DAST, DSTMS (see Figure 9), wavelengths of above 1200 nm are optimal, which is why an additional high-power optical parametric amplifier seeded by a Ti:Sapphire laser is used for these sources to convert the output to longer wavelengths.…”

Section: Thz Sources Based On Optical Rectificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic Crystals for THz Photonics

et al. 2019

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Organic crystals with second-order optical nonlinearity feature very high and ultra-fast optical nonlinearities and are therefore attractive for various photonics applications. During the last decade, they have been found particularly attractive for terahertz (THz) photonics. This is mainly due to the very intense and ultra-broadband THz-wave generation possible with these crystals. We review recent progress and challenges in the development of organic crystalline materials for THz-wave generation and detection applications. We discuss their structure, intrinsic properties, and advantages compared to inorganic alternatives. The characteristic properties of the most widely employed organic crystals at present, such as DAST, DSTMS, OH1, HMQ-TMS, and BNA are analyzed and compared. We summarize the most important principles for THz-wave generation and detection, as well as organic THz-system configurations based on either difference-frequency generation or optical rectification. In addition, we give state-of-the-art examples of very intense and ultra-broadband THz systems that rely on organic crystals. Finally, we present some recent breakthrough demonstrations in nonlinear THz photonics enabled by very intense organic crystalline THz sources, as well as examples of THz spectroscopy and THz imaging using organic crystals as THz sources for various scientific and technological applications.

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Section: Non-ionic Organic Nlo Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Thz Sources Based On Optical Rectificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Crystals for THz Photonics

et al. 2019

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“…It was developed by the Hashimoto group 21 . BNA belongs to an orthorhombic space group of Pna2 1 and exhibits high second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency due to its proper phase match, which is 300 times higher than that of standard urea 21 , 22 . BNA can also be utilized for the realization of devices with maximized THz, NLO, and piezoelectric properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-optical effects of organic N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline dispersion in nematic liquid crystals

Selvaraj

Karthick

Brahadeeswaran

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The dispersion of organic N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (BNA) in nematic liquid crystals (LCs) is studied. BNA doping decreases the threshold voltage of cell because of the reduced splay elastic constant and increased dielectric anisotropy of the LC mixture. When operated in the high voltage difference condition, the BNA-doped LC cell has a fall time that is five times faster than that of the pure one because of the decrements in the threshold voltage of the cell and rotational viscosity of the LC mixture. The additional restoring force induced by the BNA's spontaneous polarization electric field (SPEF) also assists to decrease the fall time of the LC cell. The decreased viscosity can be deduced from the decrements in phase transition temperature and associated order parameter of the LC mixture. Density functional theory calculation demonstrates that the BNA dopant strengthens the absorbance for blue light, enhances the molecular interaction energy and dipole moment, decreases the molecular energy gap, and thus increases the permittivity of the LC mixture. The calculation also shows that the increased dipole moment, polarizability, and polarizability anisotropy increase the dielectric anisotropy of the LC mixture, which agrees with the experimental results well. BNA doping has a promising application to the fields of LC devices and displays. Nematic liquid crystals (LCs) are extraordinarily responsive and optically uniaxial materials. Nematic LCs have been extensively used in diverse applications, such as optical nonlinearity, optical phase modulators, microdisplays, flat panel displays, optical antennas, and optical switching, due to their electro-optical property and other admirable features 1-5. LCs with a fast response are vital in removing motion blur in moving pictures and resolving cross-talk in 3D displays 6-9. The response time of LCs should be less than 3 ms to diminish motion blur and cross-talk. Several techniques have been proposed to resolve this issue, and they include tuning the viscosity of materials 10 , varying the anchoring energy 11 , changing the electrode shape and driving scheme 12 , changing the cell gap 13 , modifying the guest-host material 14 , and applying new switching modes 15. The improvements in the electro-optical properties of LCs with the dispersion of different gust entities were presented recently. For example, Y. Dai et al. demonstrated that the incorporation of γ-Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles into LCs results in a response time of 4.75 ms with the application of the overdriving scheme, which is three times faster than pure LCs 16. A response time of around 4 ms was obtained with the addition of a small amount of dye to a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) or functionalized carbon nanotubes dispersed in optically isotropic LCs. However, in this case, the excellent response speed is valid only for operation at a relatively high voltage 17,18. Blue-phase LCs have a response time of 0.5 ms, but they still have drawbacks, such as hysteresis, high operation voltage, and narrow t...

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“…As follows from the strength of intermolecular interactions in a crystal, and the strength of interactions between a solute and a solid [143], a polar protic solvent should bind to (0 0 2) faces to prevent the formation of needle morphology. This strategy based on the type of functional groups forming crystal faces was successfully used to optimize crystal morphology of lovastatin [144], 1-hydroxypyrene [145], isoniazid [146], tolbutamide [147] and N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline [148].…”

Section: Bfdh Morphology Predictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermolecular Interactions in Functional Crystalline Materials: From Data to Knowledge

Вологжанина

2019

Crystals

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Intermolecular interactions of organic, inorganic, and organometallic compounds are the key to many composition-structure and structure-property networks. In this review, some of these relations and the tools developed by the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center (CCDC) to analyze them and design solid forms with desired properties are described. The potential of studies supported by the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD)-Materials tools for investigation of dynamic processes in crystals, for analysis of biologically active, high energy, optical, (electro)conductive, and other functional crystalline materials, and for the prediction of novel solid forms (polymorphs, co-crystals, solvates) are discussed. Besides, some unusual applications, the potential for further development and limitations of the CCDC software are reported. Crystals 2019, 9, 478 2 of 40 these fields, the manuscript cites only (i) recent works devoted to the analysis of correlations between intermolecular interactions and properties of a small molecule (for example its inclination to form polymorphs, solvates, and co-crystals), or a corresponding solid (from a well-known requirement for non-linear optical materials to crystallize in acentric space groups, to recent studies devoted to the effect of solvent presence on mechanical properties), and (ii) the corresponding software developed to investigate these correlations and to design novel solid forms with desired physicochemical properties. As the description of structure-property networks describes mainly the papers published in the last 10 years in the field of organic, organometallic, and coordination crystals, then the software under discussion will be limited with those developed by the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC) for material chemistry and crystallography. Various examples of applications of the CCDC software to functional materials including their combination with other software, and restrictions found, will be given.First, the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) and components of the CSD-Enterprise will be described in Section 2. Then, some properties related to the appearance of a given supramolecular associate, and the tools to search for an associate in the CSD will be reported in Section 3. The properties of solids dependent on the crystal morphology, the Bravais, Friedel, Donnay, and Harker (BFDH) tool for crystal morphology prediction and its' application to affect crystal morphology, polymorphism, and solvatomorphism will be reported in Section 4. Knowledge-based predictions of H-bonded polymorphism, co-crystal formation, mapping of likely intermolecular interactions, and conformer generation for the synthesis of novel functional materials will be discussed in Section 5, and the analysis of local connectivity and whole architectures of solvent molecules in Section 6. Finally, Section 7 contains information about Python API algorithms compatible with the CSD-Enterprise and about some examples of the successful combination of the CSD-Enterprise tools with exte...

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Influence of polar solvents on growth of potentially NLO active organic single crystals of N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline and their efficiency in terahertz generation

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

Organic Crystals for THz Photonics

Organic Crystals for THz Photonics

Electro-optical effects of organic N-benzyl-2-methyl-4-nitroaniline dispersion in nematic liquid crystals

Intermolecular Interactions in Functional Crystalline Materials: From Data to Knowledge

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