Influence of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) utilization on the engineering properties of asphalt mixtures: A review

Usman, Idris Usman; Kunlin, Ma

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134439

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Due to the high fusion temperature and relatively rigid nature of PET particles compared to the elastomeric characteristics of asphalt binders, incorporating PET usually increases the stiffness of the binder, making it more prone to cracking in cold temperatures [ 61 , 62 , 63 ]. To study the effect of fractionated PET in low temperature performance, we conducted the BBR test to determine the low critical temperature of asphalt binders ( Figure 4 B).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Multi-Streamline Approach for Upcycling PET into a Biodiesel and Asphalt Modifier

Chen,

Mraiza,

et al. 2024

Polymers

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The non-degradable nature of petroleum-based plastics and the dependence on petroleum-based products in daily life and production are dilemmas of human development today. We hereby developed a plastic waste upcycling process to address these challenges. A multi-stream fraction strategy was developed to process poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) plastics into soluble and insoluble fractions. The soluble fraction was used as a sole carbon source for microbial fermentation to produce biodiesel precursor lipids with an appreciable bioconversion yield. The insoluble fraction containing fractionated polymers was used as the asphalt binder modifiers. The downsized PET additive improved the high-temperature performance of the asphalt binder by 1 performance grade (PG) without decreasing the low-temperature PG. Subsequent SEM imaging unveiled alterations in the micromorphology induced by PET incorporation. Further FTIR and 1H NMR analysis highlighted the aromatic groups of PET polymers as a crucial factor influencing performance enhancement. The results demonstrated the multi-stream fraction as a promising approach for repurposing plastic waste to produce biodiesel and modify asphalt. This approach holds the potential to tackle challenges in fuel supply and enhance infrastructure resilience to global warming.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Streamline Approach for Upcycling PET into a Biodiesel and Asphalt Modifier

Chen,

Mraiza,

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…Increasing the amount of PET in the mix enhances the aggregate-binder bonds by rejuvenating RAP content, providing a sound asphaltic mixture. However, Type Z samples with PET content higher than 6% demonstrate a decline in performance against fatigue as the amount of PET in the mix becomes excessive, causing the bitumen to lose its ductility and become more susceptible to fatigue failure [85].…”

Section: Stability and Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability Assessment of Reclaimed Asphalt and Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate Pavements

Sajid,

Hussian,

Khan

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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In the era of the global drive for sustainability in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs), sustainability measures are encouraged to be taken at all levels. This study explores a novel mix design integrating Reclaimed Asphalt (RAP) with waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) to enhance pavement performance and sustainability. It adopts a holistic approach by investigating the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of the proposed mix to assess its sustainability. Industry experts emphasize the necessity of mitigating the resource intensiveness of pavement construction to foster sustainable infrastructure. RAP enables resource-efficient pavement construction by promoting asphalt recycling. However, increasing RAP quantity in the mix compromises asphalt structural stability, making it more susceptible to moisture damage and rutting. In this study, PET-modified Bitumen (PMB) is incorporated in higher RAP quantities in the asphaltic mix without compromising asphalt’s structural performance and durability. Various PMB amounts (2% to 10% by mass of mixture) were tested with 40% RAP (by mass of mixture), evaluating performance in terms of moisture damage, Marshall stability, rutting, etc. Optimal results were achieved with 6% PET and 40% RAP, showing a 7%, 57%, and 23% improvement in moisture resistance, rutting resistance, and Marshall stability, respectively, compared to unmodified asphalt (technical aspects). The novel asphalt mix demonstrated a 17% reduction in material cost (economic aspect) and a 53% decrease in CO2 emissions (environmental aspect) using Building Information Modeling (BIM). This study devises a prospective solution for the construction of resilient, resource-efficient, cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and sustainable pavements in line with UN SDGs and circular economy goals.

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Rheological investigation on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filled with hollow glass beads

Liao,

Chen,

Tao

et al. 2024

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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A composite of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and hollow glass beads (HGB) with two different HGB sizes was prepared and investigated rheologically. When the HGB content reaches approximately 30 wt%, the PET/HGB composite changes from a Newtonian fluid to a pseudoplastic one within the measured frequency range. If the HGB content is below the critical value, the viscosity of the composite may be lower than that of the neat PET melt. This is because scrolling or sliding of the HGB in the PET melt increases the apparent shear rate and reduces the torque measured by the rheometer rotor. Meanwhile, the size of the HGB affects the viscosity of the composite. The 40 μm HGB has a more pronounced effect, resulting in higher viscosity than 50 μm HGB. Furthermore, the composite containing 40 μm HGB has a lower density than the one containing 50 μm HGB. This is because the 40 μm HGB has a lower breaking rate and higher volume fraction compared to the 50 μm HGB at the same mass fraction. The peak relaxation time of the PET/HGB composite increases with the HGB content, and higher temperatures correspond to shorter relaxation times. DSC analysis showed that the addition of HGB filler decreased the melting temperature and increased the crystallization temperature of the PET material. Since the PET/HGB composite has a longer relaxation time than pure PET, the corresponding aggregates made of PET chains and HGBs are expected to have larger characteristic sizes compared to PET and HGB. These sizes can be determined approximately using a grid drawing method. The coupling agent CS‐101 enhances the bonding between PET and HGB. This is evidenced by comparing the viscosity curves of the composite with and without the coupling agent.Highlights The polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/hollow glass beads (HGB) composites with low levels of HGB might exhibit unusual viscosity. Abnormal viscosity in molten PET occurs due to the rolling or sliding of HGB. The composites with high HGB levels may exhibit a solid‐like modulus plateau. The proposed aggregate consists of PET, HGB, and broken glass shards.

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Influence of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) utilization on the engineering properties of asphalt mixtures: A review

Cited by 9 publications

References 103 publications

A Multi-Streamline Approach for Upcycling PET into a Biodiesel and Asphalt Modifier

A Multi-Streamline Approach for Upcycling PET into a Biodiesel and Asphalt Modifier

Technical, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability Assessment of Reclaimed Asphalt and Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate Pavements

Rheological investigation on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filled with hollow glass beads

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