Influence of Polysaccharide-Protein Complex on the Efficiency of Bacterization of Soybean With Ryzohumin

Abstract

Objective. Study the effect of the polysaccharide-protein complex on the efficiency of the use of the microbial preparation Ryzohumin for presowing and early bacterization of soybean seeds. Methods. Field experiment, microbiological, gas chromatography, mathematical statistics methods. Results. The influence of presowing bacterization of Suziria soybean variety on the formation of plant-microbial symbiosis with the use of Ryzohumin and simultaneous treatment of seeds with polysaccharide-protein complex (PPC) was studied. It was found that the highest number of nodules was in the variant with presowing bacterization using Ryzohumin with PPC: 4.5 times higher compared to control. In the variant with the use of PPC with early bacterization of seeds, the number of nodules on the roots of the plants was at the level of the variant with presowing bacterization using Ryzohumin (without PPC), although it was lower than the variant with presowing bacterization with the use of PPC. The largest weight of nodules was found during presowing bacterization using Ryzohumin and PPC treatment: it was on average 5.3 times higher compared to control during the years of studies. In the study of the influence of bacterization on the nitrogen-fixing activity of soybean nodule bacteria, its growth in all variants with bacterization was established. The highest activity was observed in the variant with presowing bacterization and treatment using PPC — 6,278.0 nmol C2H4/plant per hour, which is 2.7 times higher in comparison with the control parameters (without bacterization). With the early bacterization of seeds with Ryzohumin and PPC, the activity of nitrogen fixation was at the level of the variant with pre-sowing bacterization without PPC. On average, over the three years, the yield of soybean under pre-sowing bacterization was 3.33–3.43 t/ha, which is 29.6–33.5% higher than in the control, and early bacterization with Ryzohumin and PPC treatment provided an increase of 0.68 t/ha, which is 26.5% higher than in the control. Conclusion. Bacterization with Ryzohumin and simultaneous treatment with PPC helps to increase the weight and number of nodules on the roots of soybean plants both during pre-sowing and early bacterization of seeds. Formation of effective plant-microbial symbiosis provides an increased yield of soybeans up to 33.5% compared to the control variant. At the same time, early bacterization simultaneously with PPC provides an increased yield of 26.5%. The data obtained can be used to improve soybean cultivation technologies.