Influence of Post-Weld Heat Treatment on the Microstructure, Microhardness, and Toughness of a Weld Metal for Hot Bend

Han, Xiu-lin; Wu, Da-yong; Min, Xiang-Ling; Wang, Xu; Liao, Bo; Xiao, Furen

doi:10.3390/met6040075

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…1.2581). In order to achieve maximum strength [49] and hardness of the base material [50] without internal stress, the samples were thermally treated by martensitic quenching [51,52] before WEDM. The quenching was performed at a temperature of 1150 • C in oil with subsequent tempering (Figure 4) to a hardness of about 52 HRC at 560 • C to remove internal stresses [53] that arose in the quenching process.…”

Section: Conditions Of Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of the Geometrical Accuracy of the Machined Surface of the Tool Steel EN X30WCrV9-3 after Electrical Discharge Machining with CuZn37 Wire Electrode

Straka

Čorný

Piteľ

2017

Metals

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Abstract:The geometrical accuracy of the machined surface can generally be understood mainly as accuracy of shape, orientation, position and run-out. As a general rule; it is quantified by the corresponding deviations from the nominal area. The size of the geometric deviation from the nominal area may in practice affect the conventionally measured value of the dimension, even if the required dimensional tolerance is adhered to. Since electro-erosive machining technology belongs to very precise finishing technologies; even the small geometrical accuracy deviation has a negative impact on the resulting quality of machined surfaces. The aim of the experiments was to contribute to the knowledge database, which defines the influence of the process parameters at electrical discharge machining with the CuZn37 tool electrode on errors of geometrical accuracy of the machined surface. On the basis of the results of the experimental measurements, graphical dependencies were determined which predict geometrical accuracy of the machined surface in terms of the maximum deviation of flatness after electrical discharge machining of tool steel EN X30WCrV9-3 (W.-Nr. 1.2581) with CuZn37 wire electrode of 0.20 mm diameter to determine the appropriate combination of process parameters.

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Section: Conditions Of Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of the Geometrical Accuracy of the Machined Surface of the Tool Steel EN X30WCrV9-3 after Electrical Discharge Machining with CuZn37 Wire Electrode

Straka

Čorný

Piteľ

2017

Metals

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“…High proportion of high-angle grain boundaries, particularly for the PWHT specimen ( Figure 10 and Figure 11 ) act as an obstacle to cleavage crack propagation [ 61 ] leaving a mainly dimpled fracture surface. The dimples evident in Figure 17 are indicative of a ductile mode of fracture.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Weld Heat Treatment of API 5L X70 High Strength Low Alloy Steel Welds

et al. 2020

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High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steels are the materials of choice in pipeline construction with the API X70 grade as the steel for the majority of pipeline networks constructed during the late 20th and early this century. This paper reports on the influence of Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) on the reduction of residual stresses, resulting changes in the microstructure, and mechanical properties of a multi-pass, X70 HSLA steel, weld joints made by a combined Modified Short Arc Welding (MSAW) and Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) processes. Neutron diffraction results highlighted high magnitude of tensile residual stresses, in excess of yield strength of both parent and weld metal, in the as-welded specimen (~650 MPa), which were decreased substantially as a result of applying PWHT (~144 MPa). Detailed microstructural studies are reported to confirm the phase transformation during PWHT and its interrelationship with mechanical properties. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis showed polygonization and formation of sub-grains in the PWHT specimen which justifies the reduction of residual stress in the heat-treated weld joints. Furthermore, microstructural changes due to PWHT justify the improvement in ductility (increase in the elongations) with a slight reduction in yield and tensile strength for the PWHT weld joint.

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“…Figure 9c shows the middle part of the sample AR700 which consists of newly nucleated ferrite blocks along with some fingerprint-like areas which are pearlites. These pearlites were mentioned as degenerate pearlites by some researchers [12,13]. The bainitic microstructure was completely replaced by equiaxed ferrite along grain boundary degenerate pearlite which shows the middle area of the sample experienced very high temperature when depositing top layers.…”

Section: Microstructural Analysesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of laser power and deposition environment on the microstructure and properties of direct laser metal-deposited 12CrNi2 steel

Ebrahimnia¹,

Xie²,

Chi

2019

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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Direct laser metal deposition was used for preparing blocks of steel 12CrNi2 using four different laser powers under two different deposition environments including atmospheric environment and Ar-protected chamber. The results showed that microstructures and mechanical properties were significantly affected by different laser powers. Increasing laser power and deposition in Ar chamber will lead to a decrease in the quantity and size of the voids, which brings more elongation to the samples. Bainitic microstructure was replaced by Widmanstatten ferrite and pearlite, and the amount of proeutectoid ferrite increased with increasing laser power. Moreover, microstructures of previous layers were completely altered in high laser power. Excessive heat accumulation by using high heat input can produce equiaxed ferritic grains with the pearlites in previously deposited layers. Hardness of deposited samples increased from the bottom layer toward the top layer. By using a diode laser with a spot diameter size of 2 mm, the 900-W laser power is suitable for producing crack-and void-free samples. However, post-deposition heat treatment is necessary for obtaining homogeneous desired microstructure and grain size in the manufactured samples.

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Influence of Post-Weld Heat Treatment on the Microstructure, Microhardness, and Toughness of a Weld Metal for Hot Bend

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Prediction of the Geometrical Accuracy of the Machined Surface of the Tool Steel EN X30WCrV9-3 after Electrical Discharge Machining with CuZn37 Wire Electrode

Prediction of the Geometrical Accuracy of the Machined Surface of the Tool Steel EN X30WCrV9-3 after Electrical Discharge Machining with CuZn37 Wire Electrode

Post-Weld Heat Treatment of API 5L X70 High Strength Low Alloy Steel Welds

Effect of laser power and deposition environment on the microstructure and properties of direct laser metal-deposited 12CrNi2 steel

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