Influence of pretreatment on supercritical CO2 extraction from Nannochloropsis oculata

Green Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Microalgae

“…As an example, Lorenzen et al developed an industrial process including an on-line purification step with bentonite as adsorbent [15], while Crampon et al carried out the scaling up of an analytical SFE process evaluating the influence of the pressure, the sc-CO 2 /microalgal mass ratio and the particle size in the yield and extraction kinetics. Employing readily applicable operating conditions (50 MPa, 60 °C, 0.5 mm particle size and a CO 2 /biomass ratio lower than 30), they obtained extracts with similar composition to those achieved at analytical scale [20].…”

“…As can be observed in Table 1, SFE for the recovery of lipids from microalgae requires high extraction pressures (higher than 30 MPa); the explanation proposed by Sovová et al deals with the high adsorption capacity of microalgae; under low pressures, microalgae bind to the fraction of the [20] extracted lipids, whereas an increase of pressure decreases its adsorption and, therefore, extraction rates only depend on the oil solubility in the sc-CO 2 [21]. In this work, a mathematical model is proposed for the study and simulation of the effect of particle size, CO 2 flow rate, temperature and pressure on the mass transfer resistance, adsorption capability and partition coefficient.…”

“…Crampon et al evaluated the effect of these two drying processes on the SFE of lipids, observing that both pretreatments produced very similar extraction yields (ca. 90%), although the process employing microalgae treated with airflow followed by SFE provided a faster extraction kinetics [20]. Nevertheless, the extraction of lipids with sc-CO 2 from wet biomass (up to 20% of water content) has been successfully achieved with good results both for extraction yield as well as for extraction kinetics [16,20].…”

A review on the extraction of lipid from microalgae for biodiesel production

“…The operating variables influencing the performance of SCCO 2 extraction of microalgae lipids are pressure, temperature, and fluid flow rate. Crampon et al [44] used SCCO 2 method of extraction from N. oculata with air flow drying and freeze drying as pretreatment methods. The airflow drying at a temperature of 35°C was the most adequate pretreatment method for extracting 90% by weight of triglycerides without any phospholipids.…”

The effects of microalgal cell disruption via FeCl3-based synergistic effect between Fenton-like and Lewis acid reaction for lipid extraction

“…Oil extraction is known as a cost-determining step [6,7], partly because it requires harsh treatment for cell disruption for efficient lipid recovery. This pretreatment can be broadly categorized into two types: 1) mechanical disintegration such as expression/expeller press [8,9] and ultrasonication [10,11], and 2) chemical means such as hexane solvent [12], soxhlet [13,14], and supercritical fluid extraction [15,16]. However, each of these preexisting methods, though effective, has its own critical drawbacks of requiring massive energy consumption (mechanical disruption), long operating time (hexane solvent extraction), high amount of chemicals consumed and the associated safety issues (soxhlet extraction), and energy-intensive equipment (supercritical extraction).…”