Influence of processing parameters on the characteristics of stainless steel/copper laser welding

Chen, Shuhai; Huang, Jihua; Xia, Jun; Zhao, Xingke; Lin, Sanbao

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2015.03.003

Cited by 154 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The above discussion on macrosegregation in the arc weld can help explain macrosegregation in laser-and electron-beam welding of Cu to steel (or Fe or stainless steel) [2,5,8]. The latter can be difficult to understand because fluid flow can be complex in keyhole laser-and electron-beam welding.…”

Section: Macrosegregation In Laser-and Electron-beam Weldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, dissimilar-metal fusion welding is feasible unless massive brittle intermetallic compounds form during solidification to cause severe cracking in the resultant weld metal, i.e., the fusion zone. Two examples of feasible dissimilar-metal fusion welding are well known, i.e., welding Cu to steel [1][2][3][4][5] or stainless steel [6][7][8][9][10], and welding stainless steel to steel or Ni-base alloys [11][12][13][14]. The first example is related to heat exchangers, where Cu tubes can enhance heat exchange because of their excellent thermal conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gas-tungsten arc welding (GTAW), which is also called tungsten-inert gas (TIG) welding, was selected for the present study. Dissimilar-metal welding of Cu to steel, stainless steel or pure Fe has been studied by GTAW [10] and by laser-or electron-beam welding [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. GTAW was selected because fluid flow in the weld pool is simpler, more stable and better understood in GTAW [32,33] than in laser-or electron-beam welding.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Macrosegregation in dissimilar-metal fusion welding

et al. 2016

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Solute segregation on a macroscopic scale in a weld between two dissimilar metals or alloys has long been recognized, but fundamental understanding of macrosegregation in dissimilar-metal welding is still lacking. Two mechanisms for macrosegregation were proposed based on the liquidus temperature of the bulk weld metal, T LW , relative to the liquidus temperature of metal 1, T L1 , and the liquidus temperature of metal 2, T L2. According to the mechanisms, two distinctly different macrosegregation features can form. A "peninsula" of an unmixed metal 1 can form if T LW < T L1. On the other hand, a "beach" of unmixed metal 2 irregular in shape can form if T LW > T L2. To verify the mechanisms, a pure Cu sheet was butt welded to a low carbon steel sheet by gas-tungsten arc welding without a filler metal. Composition measurements were conducted inside and across the weld metal. A peninsula of unmixed steel and an irregular-shaped beach of unmixed Cu were observed, which verified the mechanisms. In addition, the bulk weld metal exhibited a layered structure caused by undercooling of the bulk weld pool into a metastable miscibility gap in the Cu-Fe phase diagram. Macrosegregation in previous studies on laser-and electron-beam welding of Cu to steel or stainless steel was discussed in light of the findings in the present study.

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Section: Macrosegregation In Laser-and Electron-beam Weldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macrosegregation in dissimilar-metal fusion welding

et al. 2016

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“…There is no cross between There are two types of transverse sections of weld seam due to different welding direction, but many experiments indicated that the effect of welding direction is not significant. Due to the characteristics of deep and narrow weld of EBW, quality of weld root was poor [3,24,25]. To improve the root strength, small power root welding was added in the paper.…”

Section: Welding Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on strengthening mechanism of Ti/Cu electron beam welding

et al. 2017

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Welding-brazing method is widely used for dissimilar metals welding. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to further improve the connection strength by controlling the formation of the transition layer. In this study, an innovative welding method referred to as adjacent welding was addressed, which greatly improved the tensile strength of Ti/Cu dissimilar joint. The strength of new joint could reach up to 89% that of copper base metal, compared to the use of a traditional welding-brazing method which strength coefficient is within the limit of 70%. In order to determine the strengthening mechanism of adjacent welding, optical microscopy, SEM, EDS and XRD were applied for the analysis of microstructure and phase structure. Furthermore, tensile strength was also tested. The results show that due to the process of remelting and reverse solidification of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) layer, a less complex and thinner IMCs layer was formed and TiCu (553HV) with high embrittlement existing in the front of titanium substrate was changed into Ti2Cu (442HV). Performances of joints were optimized by these changes. An interpretation module was presented for the mechanism.

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“…This molten phase separation may negatively influence the mechanical behavior of the welds. Chen et al (2015) studied the influence of process variables, such as welding speed, laser power, standoff distance and inclination on the stainless steel to copper laser butt welds. They observed that the offsetting and the inclination of the laser beam in the direction of the stainless steel could effectively minimize the copper melting and ensure the joining occurs via brazing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Separation and Development of the Microstructure for Stainless Steel to Copper Alloy Weld Joints Using a Fiber Laser

Carvalho¹,

Siqueira²,

Lima³

2019

J.Aerosp. Technol. Manag.

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Stainless steel and copper alloys joints are often applied in aerospace, marine and power industries where both high thermal and electrical conductivity (Cu) and corrosion resistance (steel) are required. In the aerospace industry, in particular for the combustion chamber of rocket engines, copper and steel combinations offer perfect materials selection due to their combined high thermal conductivity and good stiffness. In this work, laser welds were produced with intensity between 3.8 × 104 and 5.7 × 104 W/mm2 and a heat input between 72 and 108 J/mm, giving an aspect ratio of 1.8. The microstructure of the weld beads was marked by chemical heterogeneities due to the phase separation between Cu and Fe in the liquid state. The phase separation gave rise to globular precipitates which further transform due to a secondary precipitation at temperatures below 1000 °C. The steel side part of the weld presents around 20% Cu, leading to a liquation of the grain boundaries and cracking at high heat inputs. The hardness values situated between both base materials and the tensile shear behavior, when the weld is sufficiently tough, present strength up to 350 MPa and elongation up to 10%.

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Influence of processing parameters on the characteristics of stainless steel/copper laser welding

Cited by 154 publications

References 12 publications

Macrosegregation in dissimilar-metal fusion welding

Macrosegregation in dissimilar-metal fusion welding

Study on strengthening mechanism of Ti/Cu electron beam welding

Phase Separation and Development of the Microstructure for Stainless Steel to Copper Alloy Weld Joints Using a Fiber Laser

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