Influence of Purine Intake on Uric Acid Excretion in Infants Fed Soy Infant Formulas

Kuchan, Matthew J.; Ostrom, Karin M.; Smith, Carla; Hu, Peter

doi:10.1080/07315724.2000.10718909

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…No statistically significant effect of their increased intake was observed in the incidence of gout in a large survey study 12. However, their effect on SU levels has been previously confirmed in rats or humans by several authors 13–15. Previous studies have demonstrated that a diet rich in purines causes a SU increase of approximately 59–118 µmol L −1 and, conversely, a purine‐free diet lowered SU by 59–118 µmol L −1 16.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Dietary purines in vegetarian meat analogues

et al. 2010

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Protein-rich vegetable-based meat substitutes might be generally accepted as meat alternatives for individuals on special diets. The type of protein used to manufacture these products determines the total content of purines, which is relatively higher in the case of mycoprotein or soybean protein, while appearing lower in wheat protein and egg white-based products. These are therefore more suitable for dietary considerations in a low-purine diet for hyperuricaemic subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Dietary purines in vegetarian meat analogues

et al. 2010

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“…Therefore, we have confidence that the interpretation of the age-related differences here are not likely to be due to differential collection methods. Individual serum UA levels increase after the consumption of purine-rich proteins and fructose (Choi et al, 2005;Choi, Ford, Gao, & Choi, 2008;Viazzi, Genovesi, Ambruzzi, & Giussani, 2015), and decreases with the consumption of dairy in adults (Choi et al, 2005) and breast milk in infants (Kuchan, Ostrom, Smith, & Hu, 2000). Given the strong association between serum and salivary UA levels, it is possible that sUA levels are also influenced by diet.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between body mass index and salivary uric acid among Mexican‐origin infants, youth and adults: Gender and developmental differences

Martínez

Ruelas

2016

Developmental Psychobiology

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Uric acid (UA) is the end product of the metabolic breakdown of purine nucleotides. Recent studies have measured UA in saliva in relation to obesity and chronic disease risk. Given the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Latino youth, we examined gender and age differences in salivary uric acid (sUA) and weight in a sample of Mexican-origin children (n = 65, 2 months to 18 years, 49% female) and adults (n = 46, 19-58 years, 72% female). We measured weight, height, waist, and hip circumference and collected saliva samples (later assayed for sUA). Structural equation models estimated the relationship between age, developmental stage, and weight outcomes in relation to sUA levels between genders, while controlling for race. Results demonstrate that increased sUA levels were related to higher BMI percentiles in females of all ages (β = 0.43, p < .001). There were significant differences in sUA levels between developmental stages for girls, with female toddlers having the highest sUA levels (β = .28, p = .02). In an interaction between BMI z-score and gender between youth and adults, BMI has a larger effect on increasing sUA levels among younger girls (β = 0.27, p < .03) and adult women (β = 0.33, p = .02). Levels of sUA may be gender-specific in relation to BMI and developmental stage.

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“…Indirect evidence has recently suggested that the infant is capable of digesting RNA and absorbing the resulting purine ribonucleotides (16). Milk formulas in the United States and other countries are currently supplemented with free nucleotides up to the TPAN levels of human milk, but they do not include RNA as an ingredient despite the recognized presence of RNA in human milk (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

Ribonucleic Acid Hydrolysis by Intestinal Explants of Neonatal Piglets

Rueda¹,

Gómez-León²,

Gil³

2002

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

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Background: Healthy human adults are able to hydrolyze dietary nucleic acids and nucleotides in the gastrointestinal tract, thus facilitating absorption of the resulting nucleosides. However, little is directly known of the ability of infants to hydrolyze nucleic acids early in life. Methods: Purified RNA (50, 100, 250, and 500 mg/L) in a suitable medium was exposed to jejunal explants of weaning piglets to determine if enzymes expressed by the explants were sufficient to hydrolyze the nucleic acid. Aliquots from the media were taken at time intervals, from 0 to 6 hours, and assayed for ribonucleoside content by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: The investigators found a significant increase of free ribonucleosides during the study period and for all RNA concentrations tested, thus suggesting that intestinal explants are able to hydrolyze RNA. The kinetics of nucleoside concentrations varied for each nucleoside. For example, inosine increased over the entire 6-hour period and adenosine increased for the first 2 hours, decreasing afterward. Conclusions: It is concluded that cells from the intestinal epithelium are capable of hydrolyzing RNA. These results suggest that RNA present in human milk is hydrolyzed in the intestinal tract of the breast-fed infant, thus providing an additional source of nucleosides. The results indicate that current supplementation of infant formulas with nucleotides should be reconsidered to take into account the contribution of RNA present in human milk to the pool of bioavailable nucleotides. JPGN 35:685-690, 2002.

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Influence of Purine Intake on Uric Acid Excretion in Infants Fed Soy Infant Formulas

Abstract: These data indicate that healthy infants can digest RNA and subsequently absorb the liberated purine ribonucleotides as determined by urinary uric acid concentration.

Cited by 21 publications

References 28 publications

Dietary purines in vegetarian meat analogues

Dietary purines in vegetarian meat analogues

Association between body mass index and salivary uric acid among Mexican‐origin infants, youth and adults: Gender and developmental differences

Ribonucleic Acid Hydrolysis by Intestinal Explants of Neonatal Piglets

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