In order to improve the application of forestry by-products, This study explores the possibility of using waste wood flour to prepare geopolymer recycled foam concrete (GRFC) in architectural applications to reduce the use of mineral aggregates and improve the thermal insulation performance of the concrete. Compared with mineral aggregate, waste wood flour has advantages in density, toughness and water absorption. In addition, the addition of waste wood powder and foam at the same time will change the structural morphology of ordinary foam concrete. Therefore, this experiment explores the water retention performance, thermal insulation performance, mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength, bond strength), toughness, shrinkage rate and compactness under different foam and waste wood powder (WFA) content, which makes an exploration for replacing ordinary mortar and ordinary foam concrete.The results showed that the addition of WFA strengthens the stability between pores in the honeycomb structure, and inhibits the loss of foam in the newly mixed slurry due to different internal and external humidity. It is also an effective way to improve the water retention performance, thermal insulation performance and embrittlement of ordinary mortar and foamed concrete. However, foam seems to have a negative effect on interfacial transition zone (ITZ) of wood flour and cement pastes.