Influence of rib impact on thoracic gunshot trauma

Rodrigues, Samantha; Guey, J; Plummer, T C H; Pullen, Amy; Shaw, Brian; Kieser, David

doi:10.1136/jramc-2018-000984

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…the appearance of a large lacerated wound if the temporary cavity was large at that time [12]. S.A. Rodrigues [9] and co-authors compared the parameters of the temporal cavity when firing into the chest through the ribs using 5.56×45 mm and 7.62×51 mm projectiles. It was established that the use of the latter causes an increase in the size of the temporary cavity.…”

Section: теорія та експериментmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indicators of the Temporary Cavity During Shots From Non-Lethal Firearms: An Experimental Study Using the “Fort 9r” and “Fort 17r” Pistols

Perebetiuk,

Gunas,

Terehovska

et al. 2023

The Odessa Medical Journal

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The effect of non-lethal firearms on the human body with or without clothing is one of the least researched issues in forensic ballistics, which requires a controlled experimental study.The aim of the study -to determine the characteristics of the indicators of the temporal cavity on naked or clothed non-biological simulators of the human body when fired from different distances using "Fort 9R" and "Fort 17R" pistols.Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 120 gelatin blocks, which were left bare or covered with one of the types of fabrics: cotton fabric, denim fabric, leatherette, after which shooting was carried out using "Fort 9R" (1st group -60 blocks) or "Fort 17R" (2nd group -60 blocks). Shots were fired from contact range, 25 and 50 cm. Subsequently, sections of the blocks were made perpendicular to the wound channel. Each section was examined according to generally accepted methods in order to assess the dimensions of the temporal cavity.Results. The analysis of the obtained data revealed numerous reliable differences in the investigated parameters of the temporal cavity both between the "Fort 9R" and "Fort 17R" pistols and the investigated samples of clothing that covered the blocks. When comparing pistols, in most cases significantly higher values (p<0.05-0.01) of temporary cavity indicators were established for the "Fort 9R" pistol. When comparing the protective properties of different types of clothing, significantly lower values (p<0.05-0.01) of the indicators of the temporary cavity when fired with "Fort 9R" were obtained when studying blocks covered with cotton fabric; when firing from "Fort 17R" clothing, significantly lower values (p<0.05-0.01) of the indicators of the temporary cavity were obtained when analyzing the data of the blocks covered with leather substitute.

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Section: теорія та експериментmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indicators of the Temporary Cavity During Shots From Non-Lethal Firearms: An Experimental Study Using the “Fort 9r” and “Fort 17r” Pistols

Perebetiuk,

Gunas,

Terehovska

et al. 2023

The Odessa Medical Journal

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“…Gelatin has been frequently employed as a soft tissue simulant in terminal ballistic studies 10–16. It can be manufactured either via acid pretreatment (Type A) or alkali pretreatment (Type B) and is available across a range of strength and stiffness, designated by the ‘Bloom number’.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic gelatin calibration standardisation

2020

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IntroductionA review of ballistic gelatin calibration standards has highlighted that data used from studies with different calibrations methods may not be able to be compared. Calibration of ballistic gelatin did not occur until the mid-1980s when Fackler recognised the deficiencies of uncalibrated gelatin. He determined that the calibration standard should be 85±5 mm of ball bearing penetration for a 180 m/s impact velocity. This study looks to improve on and optimise current ballistic gelatin calibration standardsMethodsNine 0.177 cal (4.5 mm) spheres were fired using a Daisy Powerline air rifle at velocities between 134 m/s and 224 m/s at 25 gelatin blocks (n=225). Velocities were measured using an Oehler Model 36 Chronograph with three Model 57 screens. Depth of penetration (DoP) was measured from the entry surface to the back end of the sphere via a Mitutoyo Absolute vernier calliper.ResultsThe R-squared regression model showed that all batches had a close fit to the regression line. Using the R-squared regression model, the equation y=0.584x – 20.02 (where x is the velocity) returned a DoP of 84.918 mm for a 180 m/s impact and therefore needed minimal adjustment to align with Fackler’s 85 mm DoP. The equation can be adjusted to y=0.584x – 20.12 to return a DoP of 85 mm for 180 m/s.ConclusionsWe propose that the calibration standard of ballistic gelatin with 4.5 mm spheres is DoP=0.584x – 20.12 where DoP is the depth of penetration (mm) and x is the impact velocity (m/s), The measured DoP should be within 5% of the calculated DoP.

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A study into the viability of Synbone® as a proxy for Sus scrofa (domesticus) ribs for use with 5.56-mm open tip match ammunition in ballistic testing

2020

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Influence of rib impact on thoracic gunshot trauma

Abstract: This study provides new insights into the role of rib impact in thoracic gunshot injuries, and indicates that the effects are ammunition dependent. Unlike the 5.56×45 mm rounds, rib impact with the 7.62×51 mm rounds increases the risk of severe wounding.

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Indicators of the Temporary Cavity During Shots From Non-Lethal Firearms: An Experimental Study Using the “Fort 9r” and “Fort 17r” Pistols

Indicators of the Temporary Cavity During Shots From Non-Lethal Firearms: An Experimental Study Using the “Fort 9r” and “Fort 17r” Pistols

Ballistic gelatin calibration standardisation

A study into the viability of Synbone® as a proxy for Sus scrofa (domesticus) ribs for use with 5.56-mm open tip match ammunition in ballistic testing

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