Influence of road characteristics on flood fatalities in Australia

Gissing, Andrew; Opper, Simon; Tofa, Matalena; Coates, Lucinda; McAneney, John

doi:10.1080/17477891.2019.1609407

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Country‐specific between 25 and 68% of the total number of flood fatalities occurs in vehicles that become unstable in floodwaters (Diakakis & Deligiannakis, ; Haynes et al, ; Jonkman & Vrijling, ; Kellar & Schmidlin, ; Pereira, Diakakis, Deligiannakis, & Zezere, ; Špitalar et al, ; Vinet, Boissier, & Saint‐Martin, ). Analysis of flood rescue data shows that occupied vehicles that become unstable due to the force of floodwaters are vulnerable to being washed off roadways and bridges into even deeper, more dangerous flows (Gissing, Opper, & van Leeuwen, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…New prototype observations were conducted in the present study directly measuring the traction forces F Trac required to cause full‐scale, road‐going vehicles to become unstable in floodwaters. The testing was conducted for a vehicle positioned perpendicular to the flow which is the most common configuration by which vehicles are swept away in floodwaters (Gissing, Tofa, Opper, & Haynes, ). In the prototype tests the traction forces acting on a vehicle in floodwaters were measured over a range of water depths, from dry to the fully floating condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Full‐scale testing of stability curves for vehicles in flood waters

Smith

Modra

Felder

2019

J Flood Risk Management

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Flood fatality data show that world‐wide, flood related deaths are increasingly associated with people perishing in vehicles that become unstable driving through floodwaters. Previous research on vehicle stability in flood flows has predominantly focussed on model scale testing. This paper presents novel testing determining stability thresholds of full‐scale, road‐going vehicles in floodwaters. Traction forces for various flow depths and buoyancy conditions were directly measured for three types of prototype vehicles. Friction coefficients for prototype vehicles were determined for different bed surface conditions including concrete, gravel, and sand highlighting that a worst‐case friction coefficient must be considered. Novel direct measurements of drag coefficients were conducted for a range of flow conditions of a model‐scale vehicle complementing the prototype tests. The combination of measured forces provided vehicle stability thresholds applicable to a range of vehicle types. While this study was the most comprehensive stability assessment to date, all tests were conducted under laboratory conditions and more conservative threshold criteria must be applied to account for violent flood waters and uneven surfaces.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full‐scale testing of stability curves for vehicles in flood waters

Smith

Modra

Felder

2019

J Flood Risk Management

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“…In the analyses, it was assumed that any flooding would result in closure of the afflicted section of the network. This approach is commonly applied and well-grounded, for instance, by Gissing's studies [56], where the authors proved the dangers of driving into road sections that seemed flooded by relatively shallow waters. Nevertheless, there are also studies which accept low levels of floodwater covering the roads [57][58][59].…”

Section: The Research Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Measurement of Mobility-Based Accessibility—The Impact of Floods on Trips of Various Length and Motivation

Borowska-Stefańska

Kowalski

Wiśniewski

2019

IJGI

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The main purpose of this article was to develop a method of researching accessibility in the event of a flood through the application of measurement based on mobility. In the course of the research, it has been proven that changes in mobility (and the related travel speed) are too significant to be ignored when studying accessibility in unusual circumstances. The vast majority of existing accessibility studies rely primarily on speed models, which – in the event of a flood – do not indicate the external effects of the natural disaster. On the basis of the conducted research it has been stated that the occurrence of a flood has a significant impact on changes in the spatial distribution of traffic and its related speeds. Such changes vary depending on the particular means of transport. With the most commonly applied methods of measuring accessibility, which are customarily based on speed models, the changes we observed would not be recorded. The application of mobility-based research in the analyses of accessibility – especially in the event of a flood – indicates the disaster’s influence on the capacity of the road network, and thus, it allows for more effective flood-risk management. Furthermore, this article also demonstrates the possibility of applying source materials available in most member states of the EU, i.e., flood-risk maps and digital terrain models (NMPT), for the purposes of analysing and identifying road section closures within the transport network after the occurrence of a flood.

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“…A treatment train comprising of porous interlocking solid asphalt and underground stormwater reaping was observed to evaluate water quality enhancements. The Spatial Runoff Assessment Tool (S-RAT) and Flood Inundation model (FLO-2D model) to figure the floods level in metropolitan territories brought about by precipitation and utilize the floods rate and its effects on roads and drivers were discussed in Gissing et al (2019) research [10]. Because of the check, the outcome was like the real floods, and when a similar precipitation happened inside the scope of the objective territory, it was affirmed that there were segments that couldn't be passed and segments that could be passed easily.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying the Effects of Roads Geometry and Design Parameters on the Pavement Drainage System

Awwad

2021

Civ Eng J

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Background: Water floods have a considerable impact on roads sustainability by creating roads cracks, breaking down and holes, and failure for some other parts. The existence of good drainage system serviced the road and draining the water resulted from rain floods is crucial. These significant influences can be classified as positive or negative, low, moderate, or high. Aim and Objectives: This paper discusses the water floods and rainfall effects on roads and highways in Jordan as well as the drainage system on road sustainability and performance. The main aim of this paper is to investigate and analyse water as rainfall or floods affecting roads and highways in Jordan. The importance of this study is represented by studying and analysing the effects of rainfall and water floods on road construction and sustainability in Jordan after the latest high rain sizes of this winter and water floods, which affect the roads and highways in a good percentage. The other importance of the study is represented in offering solutions to problems caused by the environmental effects, specially floods and high rainfall rates. Methodology: all data and information about status of Jordanian roads during winter and floods are collected from real cases of about 40 main and semi-main roads in Jordan. Results and Conclusions: A good drainage system and repair operations and maintenance generally have a positive impact on road sustainability and survival age. The effects of slopes of the road and surface of the asphalt, rainfall intensity, and water flow velocity on drainage length and drainage time and water depth are discussed here. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091636 Full Text: PDF

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Influence of road characteristics on flood fatalities in Australia

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Full‐scale testing of stability curves for vehicles in flood waters

Full‐scale testing of stability curves for vehicles in flood waters

The Measurement of Mobility-Based Accessibility—The Impact of Floods on Trips of Various Length and Motivation

Studying the Effects of Roads Geometry and Design Parameters on the Pavement Drainage System

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