Influence of road markings, lane widths and driver behaviour on proximity and speed of vehicles overtaking cyclists

Shackel, Stella C.; Parkin, John

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2014.08.015

Cited by 74 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding is in line with Shackel & Parkin (2014). The higher overtaking speed poses a safety threat to bicyclists as well, since the consequences in case a collision would take place are likely to be higher.…”

Section: Discussion Of Behavioural Aspects and Occurring Dangerous Sisupporting

confidence: 77%

“…On the contrary, there even is a (non-significant) indication that there are more unsafe overtaking manoeuvres at the recommended narrower bus lane. This finding can be related to the study by Shackel & Parkin (2014), who observed that wider roads generally lead to larger lateral overtaking distances. The median overtaking distance at both bus lanes (1.1m) is similar to the overtaking distance of buses overtaking bicyclists that was recorded by Walker (2007).…”

Section: Discussion Of Behavioural Aspects and Occurring Dangerous Simentioning

confidence: 50%

“…A position around 0.5-0.75m therefore seems to be a reasonable compromise between both dangers according to the author. Shackel & Parkin (2014) found that wider roads lead to larger overtaking distances, but also to higher overtaking speeds. Higher overtaking speeds can lead to a higher instability of the bicyclist due to turbulence.…”

Section: Overtaking Of Bicyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sharing is (s)caring? Interactions between buses and bicyclists on bus lanes shared with bicyclists

Ceunynck

Dorleman

Daniëls

et al. 2017

Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviou

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents the results of an observation study of interactions between bicyclists and buses on shared bus lanes. Straight sections of two bus lanes shared with bicyclists in Belgium have been observed, and all interactions between bicyclists and buses during two full weeks have been recorded and analysed. Additionally the lateral position and riding speed of bicyclists that are in interaction with buses is compared with the behaviour of a control group. One of the bus lanes is in line with road design guidelines in a number of countries that state that a sufficiently narrow bus lane (<3.5m) is hypothesized to be safer than a somewhat wider bus lane, the other bus lane is too wide according to these guidelines and is hypothesized to lead to unsafe overtaking manoeuvres.The results show that dangerous interactions between bicyclists and buses are relatively frequent at both types of analysed bus lanes. Dangerous overtaking manoeuvres (a bus overtakes a bicyclist with an insufficient lateral distance) as well as dangerous bicycle-following situations (a bus drives behind a bicyclist with a small time headway) are quite common at both analysed bus lanes. The analyses could not confirm the hypothesis that a sufficiently narrow bus lane is safer than the wider bus lane. On the contrary, unsafe interactions even seem slightly more common at the narrow bus lane. Slightly more dangerous overtaking manoeuvres seem to take place at the narrow bus lane, but the difference is not statistically significant. Additionally, more bicycle-following situations take place at the narrower bus lane because overtaking is more difficult. The results show that buses often maintain unsafe time headways in these situations.The presence of a bus has an influence on the behaviour of the bicyclists. Bicyclists that get overtaken by a bus, ride more closely to the edge than bicyclists that are not in interaction with a bus. While the road design guidelines assume that bicyclists take up a width of one meter from the edge on bus lanes shared with bicyclists, the observations show that bicyclists take up much less space while being overtaken. The presence of a bus does not have a significant influence on the lateral stability of the bicyclist. There are also some indications that bicyclists who are involved in an interaction with a bus ride faster than bicyclists who are not involved in an interaction with a bus. KeywordsTraffic safety, bicyclists, shared use bus lanes, bus-bicycle interactions, overtaking proximity, time headway Research highlights First study about bicyclists' safety at bus lanes shared with bicyclists  Dangerous interactions are found to be quite common at bus lanes shared with bicyclists  Current design guidelines might not be optimal

show abstract

Section: Discussion Of Behavioural Aspects and Occurring Dangerous Sisupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussion Of Behavioural Aspects and Occurring Dangerous Simentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Overtaking Of Bicyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sharing is (s)caring? Interactions between buses and bicyclists on bus lanes shared with bicyclists

Ceunynck

Dorleman

Daniëls

et al. 2017

Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviou

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The interventions to improve cyclist safety resulting from this research should include reduced speed limits (Bunn et al, 2003), off-road paths along fast roads (Vandenbulcke et al, 2014) and better enforcement of road regulations (Wegman et al, 2012). More radical approaches include steps to normalise cycling, restrict car use and the modification of road markings to encourage safer driving (Shackel and Parkin, 2014). These changes have the potential to simultaneously improve the health benefits of cycling while lowering one of the most important barriers to cycling: fear of injury.…”

Section: When Are Bicycle Crashes Most Likely?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Who, where, when: the demographic and geographic distribution of bicycle crashes in West Yorkshire

Lovelace

Roberts

Kellar

2016

Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviou

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Factors associated with cycle safety, including international differences in injury and mortality rates, protective equipment and bicycle training, have been subject to increasing academic interest. Environmental variables associated with cycle safety have also been scrutinised, but few studies have focussed on geographical factors at the local level. This paper addresses this research gap by analysing a geo-referenced dataset of road traffic incidents, taken from the UK's STATS19 dataset (2005 -2012). We investigate incidents involving cyclists within West Yorkshire. This is an interesting case study area as it has an historically low cycling rate but very ambitions cycling plans following investment from the Department of Transport. West Yorkshire is found to be an unusually risky area for cyclists, with an estimated 53 deaths and 1372 serious injuries per billion kilometres cycled, based on census commuting statistics. This is roughly double the national average. This riskiness varies spatially and temporally, broadly in line with expectations from the previous literature. An unexpected result was that cycling seems to be disproportionately risky for young people in West Yorkshire compared with young people nationally. The case study raises the issue of potential negative health impacts of promoting cycling amongst vulnerable groups in dangerous areas. We conclude by highlighting opportunities for increasing cycling uptake via measures designed primarily to improve safety. The analysis underlying this research is reproducible, based on code stored at github.com/Robinlovelace/bikeR.

show abstract

“…However, the interactions produced a change in the cyclist's behavior, who ride faster than in normal traffic lanes (Reid & Guthrie, 2004;Sando & Moses, 2010, De Ceunynck et al, 2016. On the other hand, Shackel & Parkin (2014) found that wider SBBLs (with a width larger than 4 m) lead to larger overtaking distances but also to higher overtaking speeds, which might result in a higher instability of the bicyclist. Thus, if the width could be between 4.25 and 4.60 m, an advisory cycle lane should be included within the bus lane to minimize interactions.…”

Section: Design Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cycling and public transportation sharing space: An option to increase cycling ridership

Cazorla¹

2017

MSKN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Allowing cyclists in bus lanes is an alternative to encourage diversity in mobility within consolidated cities, as this allows providing an infrastructure for cycling in places where for the limited right-of-way it is not possible to provide an independent lane. Apart of efficiency and safety, combining two modes of transport in the same space generates concerns such as the bus-cyclist interaction. Therefore, the design of shared bus-bike lanes (SBBLs) should ensure efficiency and safety for buses and cyclists. The lack of a general standard for the design of SBBLs hindered their implementation in the cities of developing countries that generally lack the human, economic and technical resources to adjust via research the design to the prevailing local conditions. This paper presents an analysis of design guidelines for SBBLs applied in Europe, North America and Australia, showing that the type of cycling infrastructure, the alignment within the SBBL and the lane width, are the parameters that should be considered to ensure safety and efficiency of these two modes. Furthermore, review of the literature on bus and bicycle mobility systems in Paris, revealed that increasing the public transport and cycling ridership not only depends on the quality of the built infrastructure, but also on the coordination between the design, operation, enforcement and control of the proper use of such structures and the measures implemented to discourage the use of private vehicles. Keywords: Shared bus-bike lanes, guidelines, Paris. RESUMENCompartir los carriles exclusivos de buses con ciclistas es una buena alternativa para fomentar el transporte público y el ciclismo dentro de ciudades consolidadas, ya que permite proveer una infraestructura para ciclismo en lugares en donde por el limitado ancho de vía no es posible proveer una infraestructura independiente. Combinar dos modos de transporte en el mismo espacio genera otras preocupaciones, por lo que el diseño de un carril compartido además de asegurar eficiencia debe precautelar la integridad de los ciclistas. La falta de un estándar para el diseño de carriles compartidos para buses y bicicletas ha limitado la implementación de éstos en ciudades de países en desarrollo que generalmente carecen de recursos económicos y técnicos para emprender investigación. El análisis de algunas normativas utilizadas en Europa, Norte América y Australia para el diseño de carriles compartidos entre buses y ciclistas coinciden en que el tipo de infraestructura para bicicletas y su alineación dentro del carril compartido, así como el ancho del carril, son los parámetros que principalmente deben considerarse para garantizar la seguridad y la eficiencia de estos dos modos. La revisión del sistema de movilidad en buses y bicicletas en París muestra que el incremento del uso de transporte público y de la bicicleta depende no sólo de la calidad de la infraestructura construida, sino sobre todo de la coordinación entre el diseño, operación y control del uso adecuado de dichas estructuras y de las...

show abstract

Influence of road markings, lane widths and driver behaviour on proximity and speed of vehicles overtaking cyclists

Cited by 74 publications

References 23 publications

Sharing is (s)caring? Interactions between buses and bicyclists on bus lanes shared with bicyclists

Sharing is (s)caring? Interactions between buses and bicyclists on bus lanes shared with bicyclists

Who, where, when: the demographic and geographic distribution of bicycle crashes in West Yorkshire

Cycling and public transportation sharing space: An option to increase cycling ridership

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About