Influence of rubber compound and tread pattern of retreaded tyres on vehicle active safety

Zębala, Jakub; Ciępka, Piotr; Reza, Adam; Janczur, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.06.051

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Retreading is a process to increase the lifetime of a used tire by stripping off its tread and applying a new one via cold or hot processes. However, this method is practical only to recycle tires having no damage to the carcass and passing a wear and tear inspection [39,40]. Usually, the tire carcass goes through a recapping system to introduce a new tread to the tire.…”

Section: Retreadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling Waste Tires into Ground Tire Rubber (GTR)/Rubber Compounds: A Review

2020

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Recycling and recovery of waste tires is a serious environmental problem since vulcanized rubbers require several years to degrade naturally and remain for long periods of time in the environment. This is associated to a complex three dimensional (3D) crosslinked structure and the presence of a high number of different additives inside a tire formulation. Most end-of-life tires are discarded as waste in landfills taking space or incinerated for energy recovery, especially for highly degraded rubber wastes. All these options are no longer acceptable for the environment and circular economy. However, a great deal of progress has been made on the sustainability of waste tires via recycling as this material has high potential being a source of valuable raw materials. Extensive researches were performed on using these end-of-life tires as fillers in civil engineering applications (concrete and asphalt), as well as blending with polymeric matrices (thermoplastics, thermosets or virgin rubber). Several grinding technologies, such as ambient, wet or cryogenic processes, are widely used for downsizing waste tires and converting them into ground tire rubber (GTR) with a larger specific surface area. Here, a focus is made on the use of GTR as a partial replacement in virgin rubber compounds. The paper also presents a review of the possible physical and chemical surface treatments to improve the GTR adhesion and interaction with different matrices, including rubber regeneration processes such as thermomechanical, microwave, ultrasonic and thermochemical producing regenerated tire rubber (RTR). This review also includes a detailed discussion on the effect of GTR/RTR particle size, concentration and crosslinking level on the curing, rheological, mechanical, aging, thermal, dynamic mechanical and swelling properties of rubber compounds. Finally, a conclusion on the current situation is provided with openings for future works.

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Section: Retreadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling Waste Tires into Ground Tire Rubber (GTR)/Rubber Compounds: A Review

2020

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“…In this method, a fresh layer of rubber is formed on the tyre, and the entire tyre is vulcanised at 150 • C to 180 • C to mould the tread pattern [26,27].…”

Section: Retreading and Reusementioning

confidence: 99%

Scrap Tyre Management Pathways and Their Use as a Fuel—A Review

2016

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Abstract:This article provides a review of different methods for managing waste tyres. Around 1.5 billion scrap tyres make their way into the environmental cycle each year, so there is an extreme demand to manage and mitigate the environmental impact which occurs from landfilling and burning. Numerous approaches are targeted to recycle and reuse the tyre rubber in various applications. Among them, one of the most important methods for sustainable environmental stewardship is converting tyre rubber components into bio-oil. In this study, scrap tyre management techniques including landfill, retreading, recycling, combustion, and conversion to liquid fuels was reviewed (including gasification, hydrothermal liquefaction, and pyrolysis). The effects of parameters such as reactor types, pyrolysis temperature, and catalyst on the oil, gas and solid products in pyrolysis process were investigated.

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“…speed of 18 rpm. The MB compounds were prepared as follows: (1) The rubber was loaded into the two roll mill and preheated for 4.0 min. (2) The carbon black was compounded into the rubber for 10.0 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is only a few up-to-date data available in literature that determines the influence of the properties of retreaded tires on vehicles active safety. Zebala et al [1] studied the influence of rubber compound and tread pattern of retreaded tires on vehicle active safety and tested emergency braking, steady-state circular test, and severe lane-change maneuver.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%