Influence of seed pre-treatment and temperatures during germination of four seed lots of Festulolium

Abstract

Vrsta pod nazivom Festulolium nastala je sredinom prošlog veka ukrštanjem dva roda: Lolium i Festuca. Usledio je period istraživanja Festulolijuma sa aspekta genetike i oplemenjivanja, proizvodnje semena, tehnologije gajenja i upotrebe. U istraživanima je prikazan uticaja pre tretmana na seme Festuloliuma: i) hlađenje na 5-7 oC tokom 3 dana, ii) nanošenje KNO3 na podlogu za klijanje semena, i treći predtretman (iii) je bio kontrolni, bez prethodnog tretmana . Nakon predtretmana (i, ii, iii), klijavost semena je ispitana na sledećim temperaturnim režimima: 20 oC/ tamno; naizmenično 20/30 (svetlo /mrak), i 30 oC/ mrak. Ispitivanja su obavljena u četiri ponavljanja, korišćeno seme je sorte Peron. Temperatura za klijanje od 30 oC uticala je na smanjenje klijavosti i povećanje mrtvog semena i nenormalnih klijavaca na svim primenjenim pred tretmaniam. Varijanta bez primene pred-tretmana je uticala na značajno nižu ukupnu klijavost u oceni kvaliteta semena Festuloliuma.. Partije semena su pokazale visok uticaj na određivanje kvaliteta semena Festuloliuma
 iteta semena Festuloliuma

Seed Quality of Perennial Grasses and Forage Legumes in Relation to Dormancy, Storage, Presence of Pathogens and Possible Improvements

“…After a period of maturation, seed dormancy is released and achieved maximum germination (as agriculture goal), which is influenced by numerous factors [45,46]. Seed storage leads to physiological and biochemical processes that act on the seed aging and the reduction of seed germination [37].…”

“…Seed dormancy can have a significant impact on seed production, as well as productivity and costs of forage production [83]. Legume and grass seeds differ from one another in terms of morphology, anatomy, chemical content, structure, and other factors.…”

“…However, in forage grasses the percentage of dormant seeds of varieties and populations is still high and it make problems in seed production [99]. Also, with perennial grasses (fescues, ryegrass, meadow grass, orchard grass, timothy) immediately after harvesting is more exposed dormant seed [55] which causes a significant reduction in germination in the period immediately after harvest [11,33,41,45,46,50,55,[60][61][62]99,100]. Dormancy and germination depend on numerous factors such as the specific type, location seed inflorescences, weather conditions during seed maturation and others [11,[32][33][34]45,49,50,101].…”

“…Temperatures treatments (40°C, and 90 minutes or 50°C, and 60 minutes). [83,100] A. elatius Seven to ten months of storage in the classic conditions. [45,61] Ph.…”

“…In agronomic practice, high germination allows immediate benefits, such as reduced seed density per unit area and cost-effective establishment of perennial forage crops. High germination has an indirect impact that is visible in the close and advantageous association between vigor and germination [34,50,83]. For the establishment of grass-legume combinations, the maximum amount of fodder grass seed is utilized, and the quality of the seeds is crucial for a good establishment [103].…”