Influence of Seed Tube Curvature on Seed Longitudinal Distribution

Abstract

Studies on the longitudinal distribution of seeds in the sowing row seek to improve crop homogeneity, thus generating high productivity. In this context, seed tubes must be analyzed for their angular curvature. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of the seed tube curvature on the longitudinal distribution of corn and soybean seeds at different speeds. Two experiments were conducted completely randomized in a double factorial design. The first factor consisted of the seed tube curvature (straight and curved) and the second factor consisted of sowing speeds (1.11, 1.39, and 1.67 m s −1 for corn and 1.39, 1.67, 1.94, and 2.22 m s −1 for soybean), with five replications. The parameters analyzed to measure the longitudinal distribution were the number of seeds per meter, average spacing, double, flawed, and acceptable spacings, coefficient of variation, and precision index. The results were subjected to normality and homogeneity tests of residuals, followed by an analysis of variance and Tukey test, when significant. The curved seed tube showed the highest efficiency in the measured parameters for both corn and soybean. The increase in sowing speed had a negative influence on the evaluated parameters, especially in the soybean crop.

Longitudinal distribution of seeds under the action of different conductor tubes and sowing speeds

“…The alternative tubes showed a directly proportional relationship with the average working angle, presenting 94.75%, 88.83%, 83.13% of acceptable, respectively for T2, T3, T4, which sowed at angles of 15.6°, 11 .7° and 0°. The result corroborates the results presented by Savi et al (2020) confirming a positive influence of the tube angulation on the number of acceptable spacings, the greater the angulation, the greater the number of acceptable spacings, Carpes et al (2017) found better distribution results for angles with an exit of 30°.…”

“…At the speed of 5 km h -1 , in both variables, T4 presented the highest value, differing from the other conductive mechanisms, being possible to observe a 74-fold increase in the percentage of multiples between T4 (7.4%), and the lowest percentage obtained (0.1%) for T1. Regarding the coefficient of variation, T1 also presented a lower index of multiples (13.5%), 36% lower than the index presented by T4 (36.58%), corroborating Savi et al (2020), who found a double index and CVe 2.58 and 1.63 times higher for straight conductors compared to those with working curvature.…”

“…The sowing process is one of the most important steps in the development cycle of an agricultural crop, and must be carried out in order to ensure the greatest possible uniformity in the distribution of seeds (ALONÇO et al, 2018). Seeders must be able to cut the plant cover on the ground in the same operation, to furrow and deposit seeds and fertilizers evenly, and close and compact the sowing furrow (SAVI et al, 2020). Dias et al (2020), emphasize that problems during sowing can occur due to the disorderly increase in operating speed and incompatible adjustments of the tractor-planter set, causing irregularities in the spacing between seeds/plants.…”

Fertilizer deposition as a function of angular velocity and inclination of the helical dosing mechanism

“…The automation performed on static distribution simulation benches emerges as an alternative to meet this demand, allowing the assessment of the metering mechanisms used for seed (Savi et al, 2020) and fertilizer distribution (Zimmermann et al, 2020) at different velocities and inclinations, with no interference from external factors. A more efficient assessment can be carried out using a data acquisition system customized according to the test requirements (Jasper et al, 2016), generating an almost infinite amount of data and enabling precise and accurate detection of the deposition of a single fertilizer granule.…”

Avaliação da qualidade de distribuição de sementes em função da velocidade de trabalho por meio do controle estatístico de processo

“…Resultados semelhantes foram encontrados por , ao constatar que com o aumento da velocidade houve a redução do número de sementes de soja por metro ao avaliar um mecanismo dosador pneumático. Outros autores como Damasceno (2017) e Savi et al (2020), ao avaliarem a distribuição de sementes de soja, também observaram que com o aumento de velocidade o número de sementes por metro reduziu.…”