Influence of Seeding Date on Flowering and Seed Production of Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.)

Sato, Setsuro; Tateno, Koji; Kobayashi, Ryōji

doi:10.3719/weed.39.243

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…These results suggest that seeds with a strong weedy nature entered Japan, where they were transferred to dairy farms all over, and mixed with the 23 millions (t/year) of imported grains. Their biological characteristics, such as days to flowering, seed dormancy, fecundity, and plant height at the first flowering, correspond to those of the present invasive velvetleaf in Japan reported previously (Sato et al 1994).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Newly Introduced Accessions and The Possisupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Among the germplasms preserved in the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) in the USA, we found many velvetleaf accessions. By comparing their reproductive characteristics with those of the Kashima accessions, we can evaluate the relative characteristics of the Kashima accessions and refer to previous reports about the growth habits of the present invasive velvetleaf (Tateno & Kobayashi 1993;Sato et al . 1994;Sato et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intra‐specific variation in morphological characteristics and growth habitat of newly and accidentally introduced velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.) into Japan

Kurokawa

Shimizu

Uozumi

et al. 2003

Weed Biology and Management

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The source of the velvetleaf spreading its distribution rapidly and causing serious problems in forage fields all over Japan since the mid 1980s was thought to be a new accidental introduction of seeds from velvetleaf mingled in some imported grains from the USA and Australia. However, velvetleaf used to be cultivated as a fiber crop until the 1880s. We examined the intraspecies variations, such as morphological characteristics and growth habits, using accessions previously collected and obtained from imported grains. Using principal component analysis (PCA), the accessions were classified into crop type and weed type. The crop type capsule was mostly an ivory color, and the weed type was mostly an ebony color. The crop type showed characteristics of a fiber crop, such as an erect form, uniform flowering and a low seed dormancy rate. Conversely, the imported grains were classified into the weed type which showed a strong weedy nature, such as branched form, long flowering period, high reproductive ability and a high dormancy rate. These results suggest that the new introduction is different from the indigenous fiber crop, and may possibly be the source of the present invasive velvetleaf because of its strong weedy nature. However, further studies comparing the new introduction directly with the present velvetleaf are necessary.

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Section: Characteristics Of Newly Introduced Accessions and The Possisupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐specific variation in morphological characteristics and growth habitat of newly and accidentally introduced velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.) into Japan

Kurokawa

Shimizu

Uozumi

et al. 2003

Weed Biology and Management

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“…Similarly, velvetleaf emerging at the first emergence date produced 21,000 seeds m Ϫ2 compared with 11,800 and 5,300 seeds m Ϫ2 for the second and third emergence date, respectively, in 2003 (P Ͻ 0.05). Sato et al (1994) also reported decreasing seed production for velvetleaf grown in monoculture with later velvetleaf emergence dates (Table 3).…”

Section: Velvetleaf Seed Production In Monoculture (Final Harvest)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of soybean row width and velvetleaf emergence time on velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Hock

Knežević²,

Martin

et al. 2005

Weed Science

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Row spacing and the relative time of velvetleaf emergence affects the time of soybean canopy closure relative to velvetleaf, influencing the growth and development of velvetleaf. Field studies were conducted in northeastern Nebraska in 2002 and 2003 to describe velvetleaf growth as influenced by soybean presence or absence (velvetleaf grown with soybean or in monoculture), soybean row spacing (19 and 76 cm), and relative time of velvetleaf emergence. Velvetleaf seed production, leaf area (LA), and total dry matter (TDM) were greater in 76-cm- than in 19-cm-wide soybean rows. LA, TDM, and seed production of velvetleaf were reduced with later emergence times in both monoculture and with soybean. Velvetleaf LA, TDM, and seed production decreased when grown with soybean compared with when grown in monoculture. Practical implications of this study suggest that narrowing crop row spacing and controlling early-emerging velvetleaf in soybean can be an effective part of an integrated weed management strategy.

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“…In this species, flowering and seed production showed a short-day photoperiodic response (Sato et al 1994), and its competitive ability could be influenced by the daylength. However, Steinmaus and Norris (2002) indicated that velvetleaf had a range of growth responses to a variety of light availabilities and that it should have little difficulties in becoming fully established in the irrigated agroecosystems of Mediterranean-type regions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Big differences in the percentage of germinability of seeds from the A1 and A2 cohorts were found (81% and 37%, respectively). These results are in concordance with those of Sato et al (1994), who noted that seeds of this species produced by earlier germinated plants were heavier and more vigorous than those which germinated later. Two causes can explain these differences: (1) a higher dormancy appears in the seeds produced by late germinated plants or (2) incomplete fruit and seed ripening in the plants occurs in these later cohorts.…”

Section: Seed Germinabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenological and demographic behaviour of an exotic invasive weed in agroecosystems

et al. 2005

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An experimental work was conducted in Lleida (Spain) aiming to characterise the phenology and to quantify the demographic processes regulating the populations of Abutilon theophrasti Medicus in maize fields. Seedling emergence started a few days after crop sowing in early May and continued during two more months. The vegetative phase was very long due to the late seeding emergence; these later emerged plants showed a slower development, and many of them did not reach the fertility stage. A flowering peak was observed 12 weeks after emergence in late July, and fruit dehiscence and seed setting started in mid August, several weeks before crop harvest. Four different cohorts were identified, and two main peaks of emergence were determined 21 and 49 days after crop sowing nearest related with field irrigation. A functional logarithmic relationship between cumulative growing degree-days (GDD) and cumulative emergence was also described. The resulting demographic diagram reflects greater values relating to seedling survival for May cohorts (90.2 vs 7.9%), to fertility (100 vs 75%) and to fecundity (3774 vs 92 seeds pl )1 ) than those determined for the June cohorts. The late emerged plants are subjected to a high density and are strongly affected by light competition, and their reproductive phase initiation delay is of about 10-20 days. In an assay conducted in Petri dishes, the seeds provided from plants emerged earlier were found more vigorous and germinated more than those from late emerged plants, which seem to be affected by incomplete fruit and seed ripening. Following the crop cycle without any weed control, the population rate increase was about 21.2. These values explain the high invasion capacity of this weed in the local summer irrigated fields, which consists in assuring their presence through a persistent soil seed bank and increasing the probability to spread to other fields.

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Influence of Seeding Date on Flowering and Seed Production of Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.)

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Intra‐specific variation in morphological characteristics and growth habitat of newly and accidentally introduced velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.) into Japan

Intra‐specific variation in morphological characteristics and growth habitat of newly and accidentally introduced velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.) into Japan

Influence of soybean row width and velvetleaf emergence time on velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Phenological and demographic behaviour of an exotic invasive weed in agroecosystems

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