Influence of silicon additions on the oxidation resistance of a stainless steel

Evans, Hugh E.; Hilton, D. A.; Holm, Ragnar; Webster, S.

doi:10.1007/bf00656225

Cited by 165 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…High corrosion-protective properties are known to be obtained when more than *16 wt% of Cr is included in the steel as an alloy element; thus, the influence of the chromium on the de-NO x process appears to be insignificant. However, relatively small silicon additions are known to have beneficial effects on the oxidation resistance of steels because of the formation of a layer of silica adjacent to the metal [8]. Thus, more attention should be placed on the influence of silicon on the de-NO x process.…”

Section: Bearing Steelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has underscored the still-important issue of NO x emissions. The agency has established a new 1-h NO 2 standard at the level of 100 ppb and has encouraged the development of standards to limit the impacts of NO x on ecosystems [7,8]. Reburning technology is known as a cost-effective primary method of NO x removal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigations of the reduction of NO to N2 by reaction with Fe under fuel-rich and oxidative atmosphere

Lasek

2014

Heat Mass Transfer

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The limitation of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emissions from stationary combustion chambers is still an important issue in the field of the natural environment protection. This paper describes the reduction of NO x in the presence of iron. A few new aspects of research describing the utilization of iron as an additive that influences NO x reduction at high temperatures are presented. In particular, the influence of the excess air number (k) on the NO x removal efficiency in the presence of Armco iron was determined. A [50 % increase in the efficiency was achieved at k = 0.6. The research was conducted using N 2 / NO mixed with a flue gas from carbon monoxide combustion. In addition, a correction factor (Arrhenius-type empirical equation) was determined, which enabled the calculation of the oxygen influence on the inhibition of the de-NO x reaction in the presence of iron. The NO x reduction was also tested using bearing steel samples. Finally, the use of iron in de-NO x processes under different combustion conditions is briefly reviewed and analyzed.

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Section: Bearing Steelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of the reduction of NO to N2 by reaction with Fe under fuel-rich and oxidative atmosphere

Lasek

2014

Heat Mass Transfer

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“…In purely oxidising conditions [1][2][3], the alloys form duplex scales of chromia overlaid by manganese-rich spinel. A silicon-rich sublayer can also develop at the scale-alloy interface [1][2][3][4][5]. The limited information available [6,7] for the simultaneous attack on these alloys by both carbon and oxygen indicates that similar reaction products are formed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature corrosion of cast heat resisting steels in CO+CO2 gas mixtures

Xu¹,

Monceau²,

Young³

et al. 2008

Corrosion Science

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. b s t r a c tTwo commercial variants of the cast heat resistant grade HP40Nb (Fe-25Cr-35Ni, Nb modified) were exposed to CO/CO 2 gases at 982 and 1080°C in order to simulate exposure to the carbon and oxygen potentials realised in steam reformers under normal and overheated conditions. Both alloys developed external chromium-rich oxide scales, intradendritic silica precipitates and interdendritic oxide protrusions where primary, interdendritic carbides were oxidised in situ. Surprisingly, the lower silicon content alloy developed a more continuous internal silica layer, thereby slowing external scaling. Intradendritic oxidation was fast in both alloys, and is attributed to interfacial oxygen diffusion. Both alloys underwent rapid internal carburisation, indicating that their oxide scales failed to prevent carbon access to the underlying alloys under these reaction conditions.

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“…Although small additions of Si to Cr 2 O 3 -scale-forming steel are known to improve its high-temperature corrosion resistance (in particular, it enhances the reformation of a protective Cr 2 O 3 scale on the barealloy surface after oxide spallation [3,10,[12][13][14][15]), a fundamental understanding of this effect lacks [15][16][17][18]. The Si content corresponding with the maximum oxidation resistance (i.e., the longest breakaway oxidation time at constant temperature) appears to depend strongly on the steel microstructure [3,10,13,[19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation Behavior of Fe–25Cr–20Ni–2.8Si During Isothermal Oxidation at 1,286 K; Life-time Prediction

Bauer

Baccalaro

Jeurgens³

et al. 2008

Oxid Met

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The oxidation behavior of an austenitic steel, type 1.4841, with a Cr content of 25 wt% and a high-Si content of 2.8 wt% was studied during isothermal oxidation at 1,286 K in air. A thick, crystalline Cr 2 O 3 layer, on top of a much thinner, amorphous SiO 2 layer, developed on the alloy substrate. After formation of a closed Cr 2 O 3 scale, parabolic growth kinetics prevailed as long as the associated constant, steady-state Cr concentration in the alloy at the substrate/oxide interface of about 13 ± 1 wt% was maintained. Upon prolonged oxidation, successive cracking and spallation of the thickening oxide scale eventually led to breakaway oxidation, because the ''bulk-''Cr concentration in the interior of the alloy dropped below the critical value required to 'heal' the protective oxide layer after oxide spallation. Application of a lifetime prediction model of the alloy substrate under isothermal oxidation conditions allowed determination of the breakaway-oxidation time as a function of alloy-sheet thickness, by employing the Cr volume-diffusion coefficient in the alloy and the parabolic growth-rate constant, both determined in the present study by fitting calculated to experimental Cr-depletion profiles for various oxidation times.

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Influence of silicon additions on the oxidation resistance of a stainless steel

Cited by 165 publications

References 15 publications

Investigations of the reduction of NO to N2 by reaction with Fe under fuel-rich and oxidative atmosphere

Investigations of the reduction of NO to N2 by reaction with Fe under fuel-rich and oxidative atmosphere

High temperature corrosion of cast heat resisting steels in CO+CO2 gas mixtures

Oxidation Behavior of Fe–25Cr–20Ni–2.8Si During Isothermal Oxidation at 1,286 K; Life-time Prediction

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