Influence of snow cover on soil temperatures: Meso- and micro-scale topographic effects (a case study from the northern West Siberia discontinuous permafrost zone)

Goncharova, O. Yu.; Матышак, Г. В.; Epstein, Howard E.; Sefilian, Anna; Bobrik, A. A.

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2019.104224

Cited by 38 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Accepting such caveats, the data presented in this study show that the potential for seeds of non-native species to germinate and survive through the annual cycle along the Antarctic Peninsula under current and predicted future climate scenarios is much greater than previously realised. The survival of species at specific Antarctic locations will then largely depend on small-scale topographic variations, such as created by boulders and north-facing crevices, that may provide sufficient protection against wind and freezing events at even the most southern locations 60,62 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warming impacts potential germination of non-native plants on the Antarctic Peninsula

et al. 2021

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The Antarctic Peninsula is under pressure from non-native plants and this risk is expected to increase under climate warming. Establishment and subsequent range expansion of non-native plants depend in part on germination ability under Antarctic conditions, but quantifying these processes has yet to receive detailed study. Viability testing and plant growth responses under simulated Antarctic soil surface conditions over an annual cycle show that 16 non-native species, including grasses, herbs, rushes and a succulent, germinated and continued development under a warming scenario. Thermal germination requirement (degree day sum) was calculated for each species and field soil-temperature recordings indicate that this is satisfied as far south as 72° S. Here, we show that the establishment potential of non-native species, in number and geographical range, is considerably greater than currently suggested by species distribution modelling approaches, with important implications for risk assessments of non-native species along the Antarctic Peninsula.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warming impacts potential germination of non-native plants on the Antarctic Peninsula

et al. 2021

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“…The results of this study show that T SA is not a good measure of climate change in deep-snow regions, where the M SD affected T SS more. Due to the effect of snow cover on the ground-atmosphere transmission, it changes the surface energy balance [18]. In deep-snow regions, the high reflectivity of snow cover to solar radiation causes the ground to absorb less heat, and the low thermal conductivity of snow hinders surface heat dissipation, causing T SS to be more affected by snow cover.…”

Section: The Response Of T Ss To T Sa and M Sdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Snow cover is a natural insulator and reduces the heat exchange between the soil and the atmosphere [18]. Gold [40] concluded that snow cover is the principal reason that the mean annual ground temperature can be many degrees warmer than the mean annual temperature in cold regions.…”

Section: The Response Of T Ss To T Sa and M Sdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T SG is often higher than T NSA ; for example, a 2 of 17 maximum difference of 36.3 K was observed in the winter of 1988 at the Franklin Bluffs area in northern Alaska [7]. Goncharova et al [18] found that winter T SG has a great spatial variability and a significant negative correlation with altitude. Furthermore, altitude also affects the spatial distribution and thickness of snow cover [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing Snow–Soil Interface Temperature in Farmland of Northeast China from 1979 to 2018

Chen

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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The presence of seasonal snow cover in the cold season can significantly affect the thermal conditions of the ground. Understanding the change of the snow–soil interface temperature (TSS) and its environmental impact factors is essential for predicting subnivean species changes and carbon balance in future climatic conditions. An improved Snow Thermal Model (SNTHERM) is employed to quantify TSS in farmland of Northeast China (NEC) in a 39-year period (1979–2018) firstly. This study also explored the variation tendency of TSS and its main influencing factors on grid scale. The result shows that annual average TSS and the difference between TSS and air temperature (TDSSA) increased rapidly between 1979 and 2018 in the farmland of NEC, and we used the Mann–Kendall test to further verify the increasing trends of TSS and TDSSA on aggregated farmland of NEC. The correlation analysis showed that mean snow depth (MSD) is the most pivotal control factor in 95% of pixels and TDSSA increases as MSD increases. Snow depth can better predict the change of TSS in deep–snow regions than average winter temperature (TSA). The results of this study are of great significance for understanding the impact of snow cover on the energy exchange between the ground and the atmosphere in the cold climate.

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“…In the low-Arctic tundra, the snow cover is thicker in micro-depression and on sites with shrubs. The coldest soils are located at micro-elevations (the highest point) [ 53 , 54 ]. Ground ice accumulation at micro-elevations causes vertical movements of the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lake Drainage in Permafrost Regions Produces Variable Plant Communities of High Biomass and Productivity

Loiko

Klimova

Kuzmina

et al. 2020

Plants

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Climate warming, increased precipitation, and permafrost thaw in the Arctic are accompanied by an increase in the frequency of full or partial drainage of thermokarst lakes. After lake drainage, highly productive plant communities on nutrient-rich sediments may develop, thus increasing the influencing greening trends of Arctic tundra. However, the magnitude and extent of this process remain poorly understood. Here we characterized plant succession and productivity along a chronosequence of eight drained thermokarst lakes (khasyreys), located in the low-Arctic tundra of the Western Siberian Lowland (WSL), the largest permafrost peatland in the world. Based on a combination of satellite imagery, archive mapping, and radiocarbon dating, we distinguished early (<50 years), mid (50–200 years), and late (200–2000 years) ecosystem stages depending on the age of drainage. In 48 sites within the different aged khasyreys, we measured plant phytomass and productivity, satellite-derived NDVImax, species composition, soil chemistry including nutrients, and plant elementary composition. The annual aboveground net primary productivity of the early and mid khasyrey ranged from 1134 and 660 g·m−2·y−1, which is two to nine times higher than that of the surrounding tundra. Late stages exhibited three to five times lower plant productivity and these ecosystems were distinctly different from early and mid-stages in terms of peat thickness and pools of soil nitrogen and potassium. We conclude that the main driving factor of the vegetation succession in the khasyreys is the accumulation of peat and the permafrost aggradation. The soil nutrient depletion occurs simultaneously with a decrease in the thickness of the active layer and an increase in the thickness of the peat. The early and mid khasyreys may provide a substantial contribution to the observed greening of the WSL low-Arctic tundra.

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Influence of snow cover on soil temperatures: Meso- and micro-scale topographic effects (a case study from the northern West Siberia discontinuous permafrost zone)

Cited by 38 publications

References 34 publications

Warming impacts potential germination of non-native plants on the Antarctic Peninsula

Warming impacts potential germination of non-native plants on the Antarctic Peninsula

Increasing Snow–Soil Interface Temperature in Farmland of Northeast China from 1979 to 2018

Lake Drainage in Permafrost Regions Produces Variable Plant Communities of High Biomass and Productivity

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