Influence of Social and Psychological Factors of Information Activity on Managerial Decision-Making

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to carry out a comprehensive analysis of socio-psychological factors of information activity and to find out their influence on managerial decision-making. The methodological basis of the study is general scientific and special methods for studying the problem, in particular, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, generalization and abstraction, survey-analytical and classification methods, as well as description and comparison, which help to achieve the goal. The set of the methods made it possible to determine the role of socio-psychological factors of information activity, attitudes and stereotypes in the preparation and implementation of effective management decisions. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the generalization of the main approaches to the problem of ensuring effective managerial activity, adequate perception of information and making informed decisions in the informational sphere. The authors have stated that effective management activity should be based on the awareness of real socio-psychological phenomena that accompany the economic, political and spiritual-ideological processes of social development, on taking into account the ratio of the management efforts of the authorities and the internal trends of the development of society, on knowledge of the psychological features of individual and group behaviour, psychological foundations of managerial communication and the implementation of managerial influence. Conclusions. The study has proved that the effectiveness of the organization depends on the correctness of decisions. The most likely directions of application of the achievements of personality psychology in the field of information activity have been proposed. Intuitive, rational and judgmental approaches to the decision-making process have been characterized. A certain dependence between the types of decisions and the approaches to their adoption has been determined. The mechanism of group influence on the behaviour of an individual and collective decision-making has been considered and an effective way to overcome this phenomenon has been proposed. The main stages of decision-making have been characterized and the problems that arise at each of the stages have been identified. The main mistakes that managers make in the process of information activities and preparing decisions have been named. It has been noted that the process of effective decision-making is significantly influenced by objective and subjective factors. The authors have emphasized that necessary and sufficient condition for the effective solution of a specific problem is the presence of the decision-maker’s characteristics that are part of an objective set of psychological qualities, in particular the level of knowledge for assessing the situation, skills for solving similar problems, the ability to find a way out of the situation taking into account external and organizational conditions, the ability to predict the outcome of one’s activities and determine one’s attitude to the problem.
 Keywords: information, information activity, psychological mechanisms, socio-psychological factors, managerial decisions.