Influence of Sodium Fluoride and Caffeine on the Kidney Function and Free-Radical Processes in that Organ in Adult Rats

Abstract

An experiment was carried out on Sprague-Dawley rats (adult males) that for 50 days were administered, in the drinking water, NaF and NaF with caffeine (doses, respectively: 4.9 mg of NaF/kg body mass/24 h and 3 mg of caffeine/kg body mass/24 h). Disturbances were noted in the functioning of kidneys, which were particularly noticeable after the administration of NaF with caffeine. Changes in the functioning of kidneys were also confirmed by such parameters as the level of creatinine, urea, protein, and calcium. Modifications of the enzymatic antioxidative system (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) were also observed. Changes in the contents of the above parameters as well as pathomorphological examinations suggest increased diuresis, resulting in dehydration of the rats examined.

Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of ethanolic extracts of kolanut (Cola nitida) (vent) and its toxicity studies in rats

“…The observed increased serum creatinine in the caffeine and kolanut treated groups indicates that chronic consumption of caffeine or kolanut may result in renal dysfunctions and development of nephritis (Ikegwuonu et al, 2006). The significant decrease in serum lipid profile in the this study is in agreement with previous study which showed that triglycerol level was decreased after treatment with caffeine (Ikegwuonu et al, 1981;Birkner et al, 2006). Also, the observed significant increase in glycerol, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL and triglycerides in caffeine groups and decaffeinated kolanut extracts treated animals in this study agree with other reports (Curb et al, 1986).…”

“…Transaminases play an important role in protein and amino acid metabolism which are found in the cells of almost all the body tissues and when diseases or injuries affected these tissues, they are released into the blood stream (Kuzminskaya and Bersan, 1975). Increase in serum ALP may be considered as an indicator of cholestasis, which may result from intracellular hepatic canaliculli obstruction associated with inflammation (Birkner et al, 2006). Since we did not study the histology of the internal organ in this present study, it will not be unreasonable to conclude that cholestasis is responsible for the observed significant increases in the level of both ALT and ALP in the caffeine treated groups.…”

Toxicodynamic Effects of ‘Red Bull’ Energy Drink in A Randomised Controlled Study on Local Strains of Adult Rabbits

“…Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was however significantly raised in the plasma and this increase may be considered as an indicator of cholestasis that may result from intracellular hepatic canaliculi obstruction associated with inflammation (Birkner et al, 2006). However, plasma ALP activity like AST may also be affected by sources in the body other than the liver, limiting its use as a marker of hepatic dysfunction.…”

Influence of caffeine used at various temperature ranges on the concentrations of glucose and total serum protein as well as body weight gain in pregnant rats

“…The raised concentration of protein after caffeine administration to rats was also observed by Grucka-Mamczar et al (11,12). Birkner et al (2,3) consider that an increased level of protein after administration of caffeine is caused by intensified renal filtration and diuresis. In such circumstances, there is increased urea and creatinine excretion by the kidneys.…”