Influence of Soil Management Method Duringstubble Period on Corn Productivity

Abstract

Productivity of the natural phytocenosis and maize for silage in stubble sowings under two ways of the biomass yield usage in Kirov FSSU in Khasavyurtovskiy district in the crop rotation link “winter wheat+stubble crops+maize for grain” are studied. The soil is light-brown heavy clay loam. It was found that during stubble period after winter wheat harvesting it can be obtained 21.9 t/ha of the natural phytocenosis herbage and 33.0 t/ha maize for grain. However, cultivation of the stubble corn is associated with additional financial and material-and-technical outgoings. Plowing under of the herbage and application of fertilizers and winter wheat straw without tillage operations during nature phytocenosis yield formation contributes to improving of the soil fertility indicators. The number of agronomically the most valuable structure aggregates in the topsoil layout are increasing to 63%, soil porosity- to 54.2%, soil density is reduced to 1.20 g/ cm3, soil nutritive regime is improving. The soil fertility indicators optimization allows to increase yield of next corn in crop rotation with a phytomass plowing under to 36.2, stubble corn- to 46.0 %

The Influence of the Degree of Saturation of Crop Rotations with Alfalfa (Medicago SativaL.) and Winter Wheat (Triticum AestivumL.) with Ncp on the Accumulation of Plant Mass and Nutrients in the Energy Storage System of Soil Content in the Western Precaspian

“…At the same time, the above-mentioned climatic resources are irrevocably and without benefit for agricultural production. Researchers recommend using this period to provoke the germination of weeds (natural phytocenosis), and use the resulting mass for green fertilizer [1,2]. According to [2,4], this makes it possible to obtain more than 20 t/ha of aboveground and underground phytomass, and using it as a siderate increases the yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) with repeated sowing by 15-17%.…”

“…Researchers recommend using this period to provoke the germination of weeds (natural phytocenosis), and use the resulting mass for green fertilizer [1,2]. According to [2,4], this makes it possible to obtain more than 20 t/ha of aboveground and underground phytomass, and using it as a siderate increases the yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) with repeated sowing by 15-17%. It is even proposed to have a purely grain crop rotation, where every year the grain crop is sown according to the crop natural phytocenosis (NCP).…”