Influence of soil properties on the distribution of zinc in polish soils

Abstract

In 49 soil samples, total zinc was distributed mainly among and residual Zn (55.2%) fractions. Water-soluble Zn and nonspecifically ad sorbed, exchangeable Zn, specifically adsorbed, exchangeable Zn, and organicall bound zinc fractions contained on average 1. 1, 2.4, 7.4, and 12.8%, respectively, of this microelement. Correlations were sought between soil factors such as pH, sorptiv capacity, fines and colloidal particles, organic matter, and concentrations of Zn in th various fractions. Acid soils contained a greater share of water-soluble and nonspecifically adsorbed, exchangeable Zn, while those with neutral pH contained a greater share of specifically adsorbed Zn, Mn-and Fe-bound Zn, and residual Zn. Higher amounts af fines and colloidal particles correlated with lower amounts of non specifically and specifically adsorbed, exchangeable Zn and at the same time with higher amounts of Zn bound to manganese and iron oxides and immobilized Zn. The toxicity of Zn in soil, which may be taken up by plants and enter waters, represents a real danger in the case of acid soils low in fines and colloidal particles. This pertains particularly to soils near potential sources ofZn contamination.

Influence of Fly Ash on Soil Properties and Vegetation of Fresh Coniferous Forest during Long-Term Observation

“…Birch and pine trees, as pioneer species, have low trophy requirements (B. pendula N4) and may gain a competitive advantage over more demanding species in habitats poor in nutrients. As was shown in our study on the first date of observation [8], the abundance of B. pendula and conifers significantly exceeded the share of late-successional trees, which did not reach any significant quantity even after cutting down birches. Another reason that planted deciduous trees did not persist or reach very small abundance could be their seedlings endangered to browsing and damage to shoots by large herbivores.…”

“…The height of the trees was measured with a laser rangefinder. The stem diameter was measured at breast height at dbh = 1.5 m. The obtained data were compared with the results from the same plots previously published in Bogacz et al [8] in 1993.…”

“…One of them is the use of the fly ash in forestry [4]. In Europe, many experiments were conducted with the fly ashes mainly in coniferous forest habitats on Podzols [4][5][6][7] and Technosols [8,9] most often in the Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.)…”

Quantifying the influence of soil properties on the solubility of metals by predictive modelling of secondary data

“…Several other studies have adopted the regression analysis approach, using extractable metal concentration (using calcium or magnesium chloride for example), rather than proportion of total metal, as the dependent variable (John, 1972a;Kuo et al, 1985;Bogacz, 1994;He and Singh, 1993;Hornburg and Brummer, 1993;McBride et al, 1997;Sauve et al, 1997). In the studies listed, the number and type of soil factors included as independent variables vary: in the McBride et al study for example, only pH and organic matter content were considered.…”

Factors influencing metal bioavailability in soils: preliminary investigations for the development of a critical loads approach for metals

“…Soil properties, such as pH and organic matter content, are known to influence the bioavailability of metals in soils: it may be possible, therefore, to develop models which can use data on such properties (many of which are generally available on a national scale), along with data on total metal levels, to predict bioavailable metal concentrations. Several studies have proposed methods whereby data on soil factors and total metal concentrations can be used to predict concentrations of metals present in relatively bioavailable phases of the soils (John, 1972;Kuo et al, 1985;He and Singh, 1993;Hornburg and Brummer, 1993;Bogacz, 1994). However, soils affected by long range transboundary air pollution are relatively uncontaminated compared to soils in most of these previous studies and, therefore, different models may be required.…”