Influence of Soil-Texture on Nitrate Leaching From Small-Scale Lysimeters Toward Groundwater in Various Environments

Domnariu, Horia; Bucharest, B-dul Marasti Environment Icpa; Paltineanu, Cristian; Marica, Dora; Lăcătuşu, Anca-Rovena; Rizea, Nineta; Lazăr, Rodica; Popa, Georgiana Adriana; Vrinceanu, Andrei; Bălăceanu, Claudia

doi:10.26471/cjees/2020/015/130

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…As mentioned above, these soils are loosened, non-compacted, very permeable, allowing nutrients and pesticides to easily flow toward the ground water, as generally described for other permeable soils by Lacatusu et al, (2019), Domnariu et al, (2020), and Paltineanu et al, (2021Paltineanu et al, ( , 2022. From this point of view of pollution hazard, these soils are under a potentially severe risk.…”

Section: Main Soil Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 81%

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2023

Carpathian J. Earth Environ. Sci.

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important parameter in the context of global warming, and a special attention should be given to its dynamics. The purpose of this paper is to test the existence of SOC losses from the soils taken for farming for more than 25 years in some areas of the Danube Delta. Another objective is to quantify such SOC losses if they exist. The studied soils belong to two land reclamation areas, Carasuhat and Dunavat, from the Danube Delta. Data of present-day SOC stocks were compared to the SOC stocks calculated for the period until year 1996 for the same soil units in order to assess the dynamics of SOC losses for more than 25 years. We have found that a specific process was noted for the organic soils, Histosols, which were turned into histic soils after farming, meaning that there was a significant decrease in SOC pool. Thus, SOC losses due to farming were maximum for Histosols, and SOC stocks were highly significantly lower in 2022 versus 1996, due to increasing mineralization processes of organic matter and subsequent greenhouse gas emissions that occurred in cropland areas. Relationships have been found quantifying SOC losses versus the original 1996 stocks, confirming that Histosols, containing the maximum SOC stocks, present the highest risk of degradation. Lowering of the ground water and consequently the intensified oxidation of peat are very important factors in SOC losses beside the agricultural land use works. Policy makers, decision makers and stake holders should promote conservation of the natural landscape of the Danube Delta in order to increase SOC stocks and decrease CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. Maintaining the former SOC stock at the present-day level and enhancing new organic C sequestration in the renatured parts of the less fertile Delta soils could contribute to global warming mitigation in the future and to supply agricultural products in the cropland already in use. Future research in characteristic stationary sites of the Danube Delta, especially in the farmland area, is recommended to improve our knowledge on SOC evolution.

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Section: Main Soil Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 81%

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2023

Carpathian J. Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Fine-textured (clayey) soils have a higher nitrateretention capacity than coarse-textured (sandy) soils (Gaines and Gaines, 1994), due to the fact that they have smaller pores. Hence, per unit of water leaching from the soil profile significantly more nitrate is removed from sandy soils than from clay soils (Domnariu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quantification of nitrates leaching from grassland soils in winter using the Burns model

Pietrzak,

Urbaniak

2024

Journal of Water and Land Development

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This paper presents the results of a study on the level of nitrate leaching from the 0–30 cm layer of grassland (GL) soil in the Lublin Voivodship during the winters of 2018/2019, 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. The amounts of leached nitrates were determined using the Burns model. For the calculations based on this model – directly and indirectly, the results determination of residual nitrate nitrogen, texture and organic matter in GL soils, obtained within the framework of agricultural monitoring of soils by the National Chemical and Agricultural Station (KSChR), and results of system meteorological measurements conducted by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB) were used. The analysed soil samples were taken from 39 permanent control and measurement grassland sites. The research discovered in particular that: – the average leaching of nitrate nitrogen from GL mineral soil in the three analysed periods was 16.2 and 5.1 kg N∙ha–1 from organic soil; – on average, in autumn during the entire study period, 55.3% of NO3-N leached from the 0–30 cm layer of GL mineral soil, and 27.3% from organic soil; – among different agronomic categories of mineral soil, the highest leaching of NO3-N was recorded from medium soil (17.4 kg N∙ha–1) and the lowest from heavy soil (11.5 kg N∙ha–1); – individually determined values of NO3-N leaching from soil varied significantly from 0 to 68.5 kg N∙ha–1 for mineral soil and from 0.1 to 23.65 kg N∙ha–1 for organic soil.

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“…Water infiltration and leaching of fertilizers and various chemicals into the soil have been investigated in either large, hydrologically-isolated plots endowed with drainage systems and other technical facilities [10] or small-scale plots of a few square meters [11], as well as at river catchment scale [12]. Lysimeters and soil columns have also been used to study movement of many chemical solutions [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Movement of some Mobile Hydrocarbons Below the Crop Rooting System Using Small-Scale Lysimeters with Undisturbed Soils

Lăcătuşu¹,

Domnariu²,

Marica³

et al. 2020

Rev. Chim.

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The presence of hydrocarbons in groundwater represents a serious risk of disease. This study tests the timing, concentration and amount of BTEX oil components during the oil vertical movement though small-scale lysimeters containing undisturbed soils of different textures and by simulating the fate of oil spills under continuous water application. Three soil types were studied: a sandy-textured, highly permeable Eutric Arenosol, AR-eu, a loamy/sandy-loamy textured Haplic Chernozem, CH-ha, and a loamy-clayey/clayey textured, swell-shrink, Luvic-Chernic Phaeozem, PH-ch-lv. Crude oil was applied as a batch application using an equivalent of 5 g oil /100 g of dry soil for a 0.02 m height in each lysimeter of the three soils studied. After oil-penetration into the soil, tap water was applied on a daily basis above the lysimeters according to infiltration rate. The breakthrough curves of the BTEX compounds show that the highest mobility in the investigated sandy AR-eu soils and loamy CH-ha soils was found for benzene followed by toluene. The other hydrocarbons only showed a limited mobility. There was no leachate from the swell-shrink PH-ch-lv soil. Soil texture and permeability thus play an important role in the movement of BTEX compounds toward the groundwater. After applying an amount of water of 200% from the total soil porosity, or an equivalent of 800-850 mm of precipitation, the leaching process did not end and there still is a leaching potential remained for these hydrocarbons. The highest amount leached per mm of effluent was also for benzene followed by toluene. There were highly significant, direct correlations between the amounts of the hydrocarbons leached and the cumulative effluent volume. The swell-shrink soils are still an effective barrier to hydrocarbons` movement toward groundwater. The BTEX aromatic hydrocarbons leached from the soils, if reach the groundwater, represent sources of pollution with severe risks for human health.

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Influence of Soil-Texture on Nitrate Leaching From Small-Scale Lysimeters Toward Groundwater in Various Environments

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Untitled

Untitled

Quantification of nitrates leaching from grassland soils in winter using the Burns model

Modelling the Movement of some Mobile Hydrocarbons Below the Crop Rooting System Using Small-Scale Lysimeters with Undisturbed Soils

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