Influence of some agro-technical measures on the yield of wheat of local variety “Istiklol 25” native to Uzbekistan

Abstract

The yield of winter wheat depends on the biological characteristics of the variety, soil climatic conditions, water, light, feeding regime and applied agro measures. In the cultivation of winter wheat, the external environmental factor or agrotechnology used has a strong impact on yield or grain quality. High and quality grain can be grown when cultivation technology is adapted to the biological characteristics of the varieties. The cultivation technology used is required to optimally meet the demand for its vital factors in the stages of winter wheat orinogenesis. We presented the results of scientific research conducted in Samarkand region on the establishment of primary sowing of intensive varieties of durum wheat “Istiqlol 25” and the development of agro-technical methods to improve the quality of Istiqlol 25. In the variant where 4.5 million germinated seeds were used, the positive result was shown when the fertilizer norms were NPK 180:135:90.

Timing and standards of planting winter wheat in irrigated lands

“…Furthermore, the soil was plowed to a depth of 27-30 cm. When preparing the soil for planting, chisel-milling was carried out and furrows were made for irrigation [5][6][7][8]. Before sowing, 10-15 days ago, 1000 -1200 m 3 /ha irrigation was carried out.…”

“…The importance of intensive varieties increases even more when using accelerated technology in wheat cultivation. The potential yield and product quality of a variety depends on genetic characteristics and growing conditions and agrotechnics [6]. High potential productivity is achieved when cultivation conditions, including agrotechnics, are suitable for the biological and ecological characteristics of the variety.…”

“…During the ripening period of wheat, the temperature is high and the precipitation is low, in this case the content of protein and gluten in the grain is high. If there is precipitation during the ripening period, the gluten content of grain is low [5][6]11]. Grain quality, luster or hardness is one of the characteristics of wheat variety.…”

“…According to scientists of the Krasnodar Agricultural Research Institute named after P.P. Lukyanenko, the variety plays a key role in increasing productivity [5][6][7][8][9].…”

“…According to experts of the Research Institute of Cereals and Legumes, variety is one of the main factors in agricultural production. The variety is a factor that not only increases the productivity, but also increases the quality of the grain grown [5][6]11]. Analyzing the data in the literature, the soil-climatic conditions of the region in Uzbekistan, taking into account the biological characteristics of the varieties, are fertile, resistant to diseases, adverse factors of nature (heat, drought, cold), and the quality of the grain is strong [2,3,11,12].…”