Influence of spark plasma sintering conditions on the sintering and functional properties of an ultra-fine grained 316L stainless steel obtained from ball-milled powder

Effect of Si3N4 addition on the morphological and structural properties of the 316L stainless steel for nuclear applications

“…A significant reduction of twin boundaries fraction in the stir zone was observed in comparison to the base metal. Keller et al studied the influence of SPS conditions on the sintering and functional properties of an ultra-fine grained 316L stainless steel obtained from ball-milled powder [14]. The study showed that the use of powder metallurgy technology and the SPS is suitable for the elaboration of AISI SS 316L with ultra fine (UF) grains size.…”

“…The elaboration of 316L alloy by ball milling and SPS increases the formation of chromium carbides on the sample surface, also it increases the formation of oxides in the material. These oxides can represent around 10% volume fraction [14]. The sintered samples by SPS has a homogeneous microstructure without preferential grain orientation.…”

A full-field crystal-plasticity analysis of bimodal polycrystals

“…0 and k * The identification of these parameters is based on the reference experimental characterization of the Hall-Petch effect in a 316L stainless steel [7]. This experimental characterization provides the values of σ 0 and k describing the macroscopic Hall-Petch effect on the yield stress σ y :…”

“…Following [7], we use σ 0 = 105 MPa, k = 1000 MPa.µm −1/2 and, considering a random distribution of crystal orientations as in the experimental sample, M = 3.06, which finally yields r * 0 = 34.3 MPa.…”

“…in the transportation industry. Higher strength, however, generally comes with lower ductility [6,7], which is detrimental to formability or fracture resistance. Still, good combinations of strength and ductility can be obtained with specific microstructures, as reviewed by Ma in [8].…”