Influence of Species, Geographic Location, Seasonal Variation and Extraction Method on the Fucoidan Yield of the Brown Seaweeds of Gulf of Mannar, India

Abstract

Rani, et al.: Extraction Method on the Yield of Brown SeaweedsBrown seaweeds such as Sargassum wightii, S. oligocystum, Padina tetrastromatica and Turbinaria ornata were collected from two locations, Valinokkam and Hare Island in Gulf of Mannar, South East coast of India, to extract fucoidan and to analyse its variation in the yield for a period from July 2012 to January 2013. Water and acid extraction methods were followed to extract fucoidan. Water extraction yielded much higher fucoidan (9.46±0.18) than acid method (1.63±0.05). The yield of fucoidan also varied between the species, season and also geographic location. The highest yield was obtained from P. tetrastromatica (9.46±0.18%) followed by T. ornata (5.83±0.07%) and S. wightii (3.90±0.05%). The yield was higher during maturation stage of the algae, which was September for T. ornata and S. wightii and January for P. tetrastromatica. Seaweeds found in shallow region gave higher yield (Hare Island) than those collected from more than 1 m depth in Valinokkam region. Compositional analysis of fucoidan revealed that sulphate content was higher in T. ornata (24.27±0.85%) than P. tetrastromatica (22.70±0.53%) and S. wightii (18.73±0.82%). The fucose content was higher in P. tetrastromatica (54.51±1.08) and lower in S. oligocystum (43.16±3.21). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy carried out for the two dominant species viz. P. tetrastromatica and S. oligocystum, showed a major broad band centered around 3448 cm -1 assigned to be due to hydrogen bonded O-H stretching vibration. Another two bands appeared at 723 cm -1 and 601 cm -1 seem to be the characteristic of C-O-S stretching of sulphate group and C=C-H stretching vibration, respectively in both the species. However, the major differences among the species were the presence of a minor band at 2103.73 cm -1 in P. tetrastromatica and slight shifts noticed in sulphate group band.

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Marine Algae against Dental Plaque Bacteria

“…The isolation yield was the highest in the red alga Grateloupia flilicina (28.5%, dry), and the others ranged from 2.8 to 5.7% (dry). Although there was no information for the isolation yields of the four commercial fucoidans (F85, F95, M85, and U95) used in this study, it has been reported that fucoidans were yielded in the rages of 3.9 to 9.5% from different brown algae [ 16 ]. In general, the cell walls of brown algae are composed of celluloses, alginates, and fucoidans in an average weight ratio of 1:3:1 (in the order mentioned) [ 17 ].…”

Fucoidan Extracted from Undaria pinnatifida: Source for Nutraceuticals/Functional Foods

“…There are a number of commonly used methods to extract fucoidan, including water extraction, acid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasonication extraction, and enzyme-assisted extraction [ 13 ]. There are reports that the yield of fucoidan varies with different extraction methods [ 14 ]. The extraction methods of fucoidan are briefly summarized in Table 1 .…”

“…Igarashi et al hydrolyzed the sporophyll of Japanese wakame, and the resulting infrared spectrum showed a band at 829 cm −1 and it was found that the bending vibration of C–O–S appeared at the C-2 position [ 15 ]. There are two other studies show that the bending vibration of C–O–S is present at different carbon locations, thereby indicating that sulfate is a characteristic group of the structure of fucoidan [ 12 , 14 ].…”

Evaluation of sea mustard (Undaria pinnatifida) sporophylls from South Korea as fucoidan source and its corresponding antioxidant activities

“…Fucoidan content from seaweeds could vary from species to species, extraction method, geographical location, and seasonal variation (Rani et al 2017). Aside from species variety, the extraction method used by Jeon et al (2012) was not specific for fucoidan which could result to other compounds, such as alginic acid, to be included and affect the yield.…”